White-collared Starling

SCI Name:  Grafisia torquata
Protonym:  Spreo torquatus Orn.Monatsb. 17 p.140
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Sturnidae / Grafisia
Taxonomy Code:  whcsta2
Type Locality:  Banjo, northwestern Cameroons.
Author:  Reichenow
Publish Year:  1909
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

GRAFISIA
(Sturnidae; Ϯ White-collared Starling G. torquata) Dr H. Graf (fl. 1909) German herpetologist, collector in the Cameroons. "Among the birds collected on my recent trip was the Glossy Starling, discovered by Riggenbach in 1909 in N. W. Cameroon and described by Reichenow as Spreo torquatus. The reason why Reichenow put it in the genus Spreo, which it so little resembles in its coloration or its proportions, must have been lack of full knowledge of both sexes   ...   Chapin discovered what is apparently the same species in the Ituri District of Belgian Congo in 1913, and named it Stilbopsar leucothorax   ...   The genus Stilbopsar was created by Reichenow for his S. stuhlmanni; but this latter bird may well be placed in Pœoptera. "Spreo torquatus," however, cannot go into Pœoptera, differing far more from Reichenow's Stilbopsar stuhlmanni than that does from Pœoptera lugubris, the typical species of Pœoptera   ...   I therefore propose  Grafisia, gen. nov., for Reichenow's Spreo torquatus" (Bates 1926)."Grafisia Bates, 1926, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 46, p. 105.  Type, by original designation, Spreo torquatus Reichenow." (Amadon in Peters, 1962, XV, p. 87).
Var. Grafsia.

torquata
L. torquatus  collared  < torques  collar, necklace  < torquere  to twist.
● ex “Pato collar negro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 441 (syn. Callonetta leucophrys).
● ex “Guira-querea” of Ray 1713, “Tette-Chèvre du Brésil” of Brisson 1760, and “Gold-collared Goatsucker” of Latham 1783 (Hydropsalis).
● ex “Rasle à collier des Philippines” of Brisson 1760 (Hypotaenidia).
● ex “Martin-pescheur hupé du Méxique” of Brisson 1760 (Megaceryle).
● ex “Fourmilier de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 700, fig. 1 (Myrmornis).
● ex “Chouette à Collier” of Levaillant 1799, pl. 42 (syn. Pulsatrix perspicillata).
● ex “Maizi de Miacatototl” of Seba 1734, and de Buffon 1770-1783, “Manacus torquatus” of Brisson 1760, and “Collared Manakin” of Latham 1783 (unident.).