White-bellied Emerald

SCI Name:  Amazilia candida
Protonym:  Trochilus candidus Ann.Sci.Phys.Nat.Agric.Ind. 9 p.326
Taxonomy:  Caprimulgiformes / Trochilidae / Amazilia
Taxonomy Code:  whbeme1
Type Locality:  Coban Guatemala.
Author:  Bourcier & Mulsant
Publish Year:  1846
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

AMAZILIA
(Trochilidae; Ϯ Cinnamon Hummingbird A. rutila) Specific name Ornismya amazilia Lesson, 1828 (see amazilia); "Race: Les AMAZILIS, amazilia, Less.  — (pl. 73.) L'ois. mouche lumachelle: Ornysmia lumachella, Less., rev. zool. p. 315. Hab.: Bahia.   — (pl. 74.) L'ois. mouche beau: Ornysmia eximia, Delattre, écho, 1813, Hab.: Guatimala.   — (pl. 75) L'ois. mouche canelle: Ornysmia cinnamomea, Less., rev. zoolog., 1842, p. 175; Orn. rufula, Delattre, écho, 1843. Hab: Acapulco, Guatimala.     (pl. 76) L'ois. m. Clarisse: Ornysmia clarisse, Longuemare, rev. zool., 1841, p. 306. H. Santa-Fe-de-Bogota." (Lesson 1843); "Amazilia Lesson, Écho du Monde Sav., 1843, col. 757. Type, by subsequent designation, Ornismya cinnamomea Lesson = Ornismia rutila DeLattre. (Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philas., 1918, p. 256.)" (Peters 1945, V, p. 61).  I have elsewhere suggested that the substantive name Amazili be given to the hummingbirds of this genus.  
Var. Amazillia.   
Synon. Agyrtria, Albanora, Amazilicus, Amazilina, Amazilius, Amizilis, Arena, Arenella, Ariadne, Ariana, Chionogaster, Chionomesa, Cyanomyia, Elliotia, Eranna, Eratina, Eratopis, Erythronota, Eucephala, Hemistilbon, Hemithylaca, Hypochionis, Leucodora, Lisoria, Myletes, Polyerata, Pyrrhophaena, Saucerottia, Uranomitra.

amazilia
Amazili, an Inca heroine in Jean Marmontel’s novel (1777) “Les Incas, ou la destruction de l’Empire du Pérou” (Amazilia (“le nom de cette espèce rappellera à l’imagination de nos lecteurs une des héroïnes célébrées par Marmontel dans ses Incas, et en même temps les lieux où elle vit” (Lesson 1830), subsp. Columbina minuta).

candida
L. candidus  brilliant white, glittering white, shining white  < candere  to shine (cf. albus  white, matt white).
● ex “Ganso blanco” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 426 (syn. Coscoroba coscoroba).
● ex “White Tern” of Latham 1785 (subsp. Gygis alba).
● ex “White Redshank” or “Poole-Snipe” of Edwards 1750 (?syn. Limosa haemastica, ?syn. Tringa erythropus).
● ex “Totanus canadensis” of Edwards 1750, and “Totanus candidus” of Brisson 1760 (?syn. Limosa haemastica).

SUBSPECIES

White-bellied Emerald (genini)
SCI Name: Amazilia candida genini
genini
Auguste Genin (1862-1931) Franco-Mexican industrialist, entrepreneur, archaeologist, ethnographer, collector (subsp. Amazilia candida).

White-bellied Emerald (pacifica)
SCI Name: Amazilia candida pacifica
pacifica
L. pacificus  peaceful  < pax, pacis  peace; facere  to make. The Pacific Ocean was so-named by the Portuguese explorer Fernão de Magalhães or Magellan in 1520, contrasting its calm waters with the stormy seas of Cape Horn  The toponym refers to islands in the Pacific Ocean as well as localities on Pacific Ocean coasts.
● New Caledonia; ex “Pacific Shrike” of Latham 1781 (syn. Aplonis striata).
● New South Wales, Australia; ex “Pacific Heron” of Latham 1785 (Ardea).
● Pacific Ocean; ex “Pacific Petrel” of Latham 1785; "Inhabits Euopoa, and other islands of the Pacific Ocean." (Ardenna).
● Erroneous TL. Friendly Is. (= Hawaii); ex “Great Hook-billed Creeper” of Latham 1782 (‡Drepanis).
● Tonga Is.; ex “Ferruginous-vented Pigeon” of Latham 1783 (Ducula).
● Erroneous TL. Friendly Isles, Pacific Ocean (= Jamaica) (syn. Geotrygon versicolor).
● Botany Bay, New Holland; ex “Pacific Paroquet (var.)” of Phillip 1789 (syn. Glossopsitta concinna).
● Tahiti; ex “Pacific Rail” of Latham 1785 (Hypotaenidia).
● Pacific Islands; ex “Pacific Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Lalage maculosa).

White-bellied Emerald (candida)
SCI Name: Amazilia candida candida
candida
L. candidus  brilliant white, glittering white, shining white  < candere  to shine (cf. albus  white, matt white).
● ex “Ganso blanco” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 426 (syn. Coscoroba coscoroba).
● ex “White Tern” of Latham 1785 (subsp. Gygis alba).
● ex “White Redshank” or “Poole-Snipe” of Edwards 1750 (?syn. Limosa haemastica, ?syn. Tringa erythropus).
● ex “Totanus canadensis” of Edwards 1750, and “Totanus candidus” of Brisson 1760 (?syn. Limosa haemastica).