Western Crowned-Pigeon

SCI Name:  Goura cristata
Protonym:  Columba cristata Cat.Ois.[Vroeg]Adumbr. p.2 no.78
Taxonomy:  Columbiformes / Columbidae / Goura
Taxonomy Code:  wecpig1
Type Locality:  Banda, error; Fak-fak on the Onin Peninsula fixed as type locality by Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38, 1932, p. 186.
Author:  Pallas
Publish Year:  1764
IUCN Status:  Vulnerable

DEFINITIONS

GOURA
(Columbidae; Ϯ Blue Crowned Pigeon G. cristata) New Guinea aboriginal names Goura or Guria for the crowned pigeons; "GOURA.  GOÜRA.   Generic Character.  Rostrum mediocre graciliusculum, ad apicem paulo inflatum; mandibula superiore lateratim sulcata; versus apicem descendens.  Nares superne plumis tectis, in rima sitæ.  Alæ breves, rotundatæ.  Tarsi longiores, digiti basi fissi.   Columbi-Gallines. Le Vaillant.  Lophyrus. Vieillot.  Goüra. Temminck.  Columba. Linné, Gmelin, Cuvier, &c.   THE birds of this genus are known from those of the other genera of the order, by the great length of their tarsi, which approach to those of the Gallinaceæ  ...  many of the species have received the name of Partridge, from their manners being so similar to the birds of that genus.   A. Head furnished with a crest.  CROWNED GOURA.  (Goüra coronata.)  ...  Columba coronata. Gmel. Syst. Nat. 1. 774. 17.  ...  Phasianus cristatus indicus. Briss. Orn. 1. 279. 6. pl. 26. f. 1.   Le Pigeon couronné des Indes. Buff. Ois. 2. 354.  ...  Le Goura de la Nouvelle Guinée. Sonner. Voy. Ind. 169. pl. 104.   Colombi Kocco. Le Vaill. Ois. d'Afriq. 6. pl. 280.   Colombi-Galline Goura. Temm. Pig. (8^vo.) p. 377.   Great crowned Pigeon. Lath. Gen. Syn. 4. 620. 2.  ...  THIS is the largest bird of this order known, exceeding a Turkey in size  ...  These birds have many of the manners of the common Pigeons  ...  its note is, however, so loud at times, as to resemble a kind of lowing; and its mournful notes alarmed the crew of Bougainville greatly, on hearing them, for the first time, in the wild and unfrequented spots of some of the islands on which they landed; they supposing the noise to be uttered by some of the savages of those parts. They are easily tamed, and in the East Indies are kept in court-yards as poultry. In a wild state they build and breed in the highest trees. They inhabit the Moluccas and New Guinea.    B. Head not crested.  ...  NICOBAR GOURA. (Goüra Nicobarica.)  ...  WATTLED GOURA. (Goüra carunculata.)  ...  BLUE-HEADED GOURA. (Goüra cyanocephala.)  ...  WHITE-BELLIED GOURA. (Goüra Jamaicensis.)  ...  RED-BELLIED GOURA. (Goüra erythrothorax.)  ...  RED-BREASTED GOURA. (Goüra cruenta.)  ...  MOUNTAIN GOURA. (Goüra montana.)  ...  HOTTENTOT GOURA. (Goüra Hottentota.)  ...  MARTINICO GOURA. (Goüra Martinica.)  ...  GROUND GOURA. (Goüra Passerina.)  ...  PICUI GOURA. (Goüra Picui.)  ...  TALPACOTI GOURA. (Goüra Talpacoti.)  ...  PASSERINE GOURA. (Goüra minuta.)" (Stephens 1819); "Goüra Stephens, in Shaw's Gen. Zool., 11, pt. 1, 1819, p. 119. Type, by subsequent designation, G. coronata (Lath.) = Columba coronata Linné = Columba cristata Pallas (G. R. Gray, Listr Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 59)." (Peters, 1937, III, p. 140). 
Synon. Columba, Lophiurus, Lophyrus, Megapelia, Ptilophyrus.

cristata
L. cristatus  crested, plumed, tufted  < crista  crest, plume, tuft. This epithet refers not only to obvious coronal crests of various shapes and sizes, but also to frontal knobs, ear tufts, and upstanding rictal bristles or feathers.
● ex “Alcedo amboinensis cristata” of Seba 1734, and “Ispida philippensis cristata” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Alcedo vintsioides).
● "44. PSITTACUS.  ...  cristatus.  16. P. brachyurus albus, crista dependente flava.  Psittacus albus cristatus. Aldr. ornith. l. 11. c. 4. Will. ornith. . . Raj. av. 30. Seb. mus. I. p. 94. t. 59. f. 1. Alb. av. 3. p. 12. t. 12. Edw. av. 160. t. 160. Frisch. av. 4. t. 50.  Habitat in China." (Linnaeus 1758) (syn. Cacatua alba).
● ex “Cariama” of Marcgrave 1648 (Cariama).
● ex “Coucou huppé de Madagascar” of Brisson 1760 (Coua).
● ex “Touraco géant” of Levaillant 1806 (Corythaeola).
● "48. CORVUS.  ...  cristatus.  8. C. tectricibus alarum lineis transversis nigris, corpore cæruleo, collari nigro.  Pica glandaria cærulea cristata. Catesb. car. p. 15. t. 15.  Habitat in America septentrionali. Præcedenti in multis assimilans." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cyanocitta).
● ex “Foulque de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 797, “Grande Foulque à crête” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Crested Coot” of Latham 1785 (Fulica).
● "93. ALAUDA.  ...  cristata.  6. A. rectricibus nigris: extimis duabus margine exteriori albis, capite cristato.  Alauda cristata major. Raj. av. 69. Will. orn. 151. t. 40. Olin. av. 13. Alb. av. 3. p. 48. t. 52. Aldr. orn. l. 18. c. 18.  Habitat in Europæ viis." (Linnaeus 1758) (Galerida).
● ex “Crested Gallinule” of Latham 1785 (syn. Gallicrex cinerea).
● ex “Phasianus cristatus Indicus” of Brisson 1760, and “Great Crowned Indian Pigeon” of Edwards 1761 (Goura).
● ex “Crestudo amarillo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 129 (Gubernatrix).
● ex “Crested Falcon” of Dillon 1780, and “Caracca Falcon” of Latham 1781 (syn. Harpia harpyja).
● ex “Hirondelle Huppé” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 247 (?syn. Hirundo sp.).
● ex “Crested Duck” of Latham 1785 (syn. Lophonetta specularioides).
● ex “Chouette à Aigrette Blanc” of Levaillant 1799, pl. 43 (Lophostrix).
● ex “Courlis huppé de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 841, and “Courlis huppé” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (Lophotibis).
● ex “Spatule huppée de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776 (syn. Platalea alba).
● ex “Rouloul de Malacca” of Sonnerat 1782, and “Lesser crowned Pigeon” of Latham 1783 (syn. Rollulus rouloul).
● ex “Muscicapa senegalensis cristata” of Brisson 1760, “Gobe-mouche huppé du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 573, fig. 2, and “Crested Senegal Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (syn. Terpsiphone viridis).
● "88. MELEAGRIS.  ...  cristata.  2. M. capite pennis erectis cristato, temporibus violaceis.  Quan s. Guan. Edw. av. 13. t. 13.  Jacupema. Marcgr. bras. 198.  Coxolitli. Hern. mex. . .  Phasianus brasiliensis. Raj. av. 56.  Habitat in America australi.  Gula caruncula compressa rubra ut in antecedente, capite supra crista oblonga pennacea." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.; composite).
● "96. LOXIA.  ...  cristata.  7. L. albicans, fronte cristata, uropygio pedibusque rubris, rectricibus intermediis longissimis.  Habitat in Æthiopia. J. Burmannus.  Avis inter maximas sui generis. Crista Maris rubra, Feminæ alba. Pectus in mare rubrum. Rectrices cinereæ: intermediæ duæ duplo longiores." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.; nom. dub.).
● ex “Bec-de-Fer” of Levaillant 1801, pl. 79 (Sparactes; artefact).
● see cristatus