Tundra Swan

SCI Name:  Cygnus columbianus
Protonym:  Anas Columbianus Geogr.[Guthrie]ed.2(Am.) ed.2(Am.), 2 p.319
Taxonomy:  Anseriformes / Anatidae / Cygnus
Taxonomy Code:  tunswa
Type Locality:  The Dalles, Oregon
Author:  Ord
Publish Year:  1815
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CYGNUS
(Anatidae; Ϯ Mute Swan C. olor) L. cygnus or cycnus  swan  < Gr. κυκνος kuknos  swan (cf. Gr. myth. Cycnus: at least three persons of this name were metamorphosed into swans, i.e. a son of Neptune by Calyce, a son of Apollo by Hyrie, and a son of Sthenelus of Liguria). Wild populations of the Mute Swan are now absent from much of western Europe; "β.  Cygnus ferus LINN.  The wild swane.  Der wilde Schwan.  (Seligm. Cat. V.  T. 44.)" (Zimmermann 1793); "* 1. Stummer Schwan (A. Olor, Gmelin Linn,): Mit schwarzem, halbwalzenförmigem Schnabel, schwarzer Wachshaut, und schneeweißem Körper.  4½ Fuß lang.  ...   1) Die Gattung Schwan (Cygnus) hat einen etwas schaufelförmigen Schnabel mit Lamellen statt der Zähne, einen langen Hals und Füße, die etwas außer dem Gleichgewicht liegen." (Bechstein 1803); "Cygnus Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb., pt. 2, 1803, p. 404, note. Type, by monotypy, Anas olor Gmelin." (Peters, 1931, I, p. 143).    
Var. Cignus, Cyenus, Cygnos.   
Synon. Archaeocycnus, Chenopis, Clangocycnus, Cycnus, Cygnanser, Euolor, Olor, Palaeocycnus, Sthenelides, Sthenelus.

cygnus
L. cygnus or cycnus swan < Gr. κυκνος kuknos swan. Gr. myth. Cycnus or Cygnus, the son of Sthenelus king of Liguria, was sorely afflicted by the death of his friend Phaëthon and was metamorphosed into a swan. In other versions of the story Cycnus, son of Apollo, in a fit of pique at not getting his own way, threw himself from the heights of Mt. Teumessus and was changed into a swan, as was Cycnus, son of Neptune, when he was slain by Achilles.
● Swan I., Victoria, Australia (syn. Anthochaera rufogularis).
● "61. ANAS.  ...  Cygnus.  1. A. rostro semicylindrico atro, cera flava, corpore albo. Fn. svec. 88. It. wgoth. 143.  Cygnus ferus. Bell. av. 30. a. Gesn. av. 372. Aldr. ornith. l. 19. c. 1. Will. orn. 212. . . Raj. av. 136. Alb. av. 3. p. 91. t. 96. Edw. av. 150. t. 150.   β. Cygnus mansuetus. Will. orn. 271. t. 69. Raj. av. 136.  Habitat in Europa, America septentrionali.  Accedit ad nos ultimo die regelationis. Piscatur pomo. It. scan. 186. 228." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cygnus).

columbiana / columbianum / columbianus
● Colombia. To this day the name of Colombia is misspelled in newspapers, scientific works (e.g. NAOC Vancouver 2012 Abstracts, p. 207) and books, and on television (e.g. BBC News Channel (Travel!) 14 May 2017), and generally wrongly pronounced there (e.g. Channel 4 Seven O’Clock News, 10 October 2011) and on radio (e.g. BBC Radio 2 Jeremy Vine Show 30 November 2016). “America ... north of the Isthmus of Darien, the southern continent being termed Columbia” (Wood 1835) (subsp. Chamaeza campanisona, subsp. Cinclodes excelsior, Crypturellus, Fulica, Ortalis, Phaethornis, subsp. Philydor rufum, subsp. Synallaxis gujanensis).
● Columbia River or Columbia River region (Oregon) (Cygnus (ex “Whistling Swan” of P. Allen 1814), syn. Gymnogyps californianus, Nucifraga, subsp. Pedioecetes phasianellus (ex “Grouse or Prairie Hen” of Lewis 1814), syn. Piranga ludoviciana).
● Greater Colombia (= Venezuela) (Odontophorus, Philydor).
● Columbia County, Florida, USA (‡ Palaeophoyx).
● British Columbia, Canada (subsp. Poecile hudsonicus).
● Erroneous TL. Porto Cabello, Colombia (= Ciudad Bolívar, Río Orinoco, Venezuela) (Sicalis).

SUBSPECIES

Tundra Swan (Whistling)
SCI Name: Cygnus columbianus columbianus
columbiana / columbianum / columbianus
● Colombia. To this day the name of Colombia is misspelled in newspapers, scientific works (e.g. NAOC Vancouver 2012 Abstracts, p. 207) and books, and on television (e.g. BBC News Channel (Travel!) 14 May 2017), and generally wrongly pronounced there (e.g. Channel 4 Seven O’Clock News, 10 October 2011) and on radio (e.g. BBC Radio 2 Jeremy Vine Show 30 November 2016). “America ... north of the Isthmus of Darien, the southern continent being termed Columbia” (Wood 1835) (subsp. Chamaeza campanisona, subsp. Cinclodes excelsior, Crypturellus, Fulica, Ortalis, Phaethornis, subsp. Philydor rufum, subsp. Synallaxis gujanensis).
● Columbia River or Columbia River region (Oregon) (Cygnus (ex “Whistling Swan” of P. Allen 1814), syn. Gymnogyps californianus, Nucifraga, subsp. Pedioecetes phasianellus (ex “Grouse or Prairie Hen” of Lewis 1814), syn. Piranga ludoviciana).
● Greater Colombia (= Venezuela) (Odontophorus, Philydor).
● Columbia County, Florida, USA (‡ Palaeophoyx).
● British Columbia, Canada (subsp. Poecile hudsonicus).
● Erroneous TL. Porto Cabello, Colombia (= Ciudad Bolívar, Río Orinoco, Venezuela) (Sicalis).

Tundra Swan (Bewick's)
SCI Name: Cygnus columbianus bewickii
bewickii
Thomas Bewick (1753-1828) English woodcut engraver (subsp. Cygnus columbianus, Thryomanes, syn. Tringa totanus).