Tricolored Munia

SCI Name:  Lonchura malacca
Protonym:  Loxia malacca Syst.Nat.ed.12 ed.12 p.302
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Estrildidae / Lonchura
Taxonomy Code:  trimun
Type Locality:  China, Java, and Malacca ; error, Belgaum, India, designated by Baker, 1926, Fauna Brit. India, Birds, ed. 2, 3, p. 78.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1766
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

LONCHURA
(Estrildidae; Ϯ Scaly-breasted Munia L. punctulata) Gr. λογχη lonkhē  spear-head, lance; ουρα oura  tail; "Genus LONCHURA. Rostrum forte, breve, latum, altitudine ad basin longitudinem æquans; mandibulis integris, superiori in frontem angulariter extendente cumque eo circuli arcum formante.  Alæ mediocres, subacuminatæ; remigibus, 1ma brevissima subspuria, 2da 3tia 4taque fere æqualibus longissimis.  Cauda gradata, lanceolata; rectricibus mediis cæteras paullo longitudine superantibus.  Pedes mediocres, subgraciles.   The peculiar spear-head form of the tail, and the ridge of the upper mandible and the forehead, forming a segment of the same circle, together with the habits of the following species, afford sufficient characteristics to justify their separation from the genus Fringilla of M. Temminck. The Gros-bec longicone of the Pl. Col. 96. (Emb. quadricolor, Lath.) belongs to the same group.   109. Lonchura nisoria. Fringilla nisoria, Temm. Gros-bec épervin. Pl. Col. 500. Fig. 2.  ...  110. LONCHURA CHEET.  ...  111. Lonchura leuconota. Fringilla leuconota, Temm. Gros-bec leuconote, Pl. Col. 500, fig. 1." (Sykes 1832); "Lonchura Sykes, 1832, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 94. Type, by original designation, Fringilla nisoria Temminck = Loxia punctulata Linnaeus. Not preoccupied by Lonchurus Bloch, 1793 (Pisces)." (Paynter in Peters 1968, XIV, 372 (erroneous typification)); "LONCHURA Sykes, 1832 F - Fringilla nisoria Sykes, 1832; type by subsequent designation (Sharpe, 1890, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 13, p. 326). = Loxia punctulata Linnaeus, 1758" (Dickinson & Christidis (eds.) 2014, 297).
Synon. Dermophrys, Diacmura, Donacola, Maia, Mayrimunia, Munia, Oryzivora, Oryzornis, Oxycerca, Padda, Trichogrammoptila, Uroloncha, Weebongia.

malacca / malaccense / malaccensis / malacense / malacensis
Malacca, Malaysia. Melaka or Malaka are Malay names for a type of tree abundant in the region.
● ex “Grimpereau de Malacca” of Sonnerat 1782 (Anthreptes).
● ex “Crabier de Malac” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 911, “Crabier blanc et brun” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Malacca Heron” of Latham 1785 (syn. Ardeola speciosa).
● ex “Pic de Malacca” of Sonnerat 1782 (subsp. Chrysophlegma miniaceum).
● ex “Petite Tourterelle de Quéda” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Malacca Turtle” of Latham 1783 (syn. Geopelia striata).
● Erroneous TL. China, Java and Malacca (= India); ex “Chinese Sparrow” of Albin 1738, “Gros-bec de Java” of Brisson 1760, and “White-breasted Indian Sparrow” of Edwards 1764 (Lonchura).
● ex “Brève de Malacca” of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Pitta brachyura).
● ex “Petit Paon de Malacca” of Sonnerat 1782 (Polyplectron).
● ex “Perruche de Malac” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 887, “Grand perruche à longs brins” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Malacca Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (syn. Psittacula longicauda).
● ex “Petite Perruche de Malacca” of Sonnerat 1782, and “Blue-rumped Parrakeet” of Latham 1787 (syn. Psittinus cyanurus).