Silver Gull

SCI Name:  Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae
Protonym:  Larus Novae-Hollandiae Gen.Zool.[Shaw] 13 pt1 p.196
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Laridae / Chroicocephalus
Taxonomy Code:  silgul2
Type Locality:  New South Wales.
Author:  Stephens
Publish Year:  1826
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

Chroicocephalus
(Laridae; syn. Larus † Black-headed Gull L. ridibundus) Gr. χρωικος khrōikos  coloured  < χρωζω khrōzō  to colour, to stain; -κεφαλος  -kephalos  -headed  < κεφαλη kephalē  head; "SUB GENUS 3.  CHROICOCEPHALUS.  Nobis.   Sp. 1. C. CAPISTRATUS.  Temminck.  Syn. Larus Capistratus, Temm. Jenyns.  Mouette a Mosque [sic] Brun, Temm.  Brown-headed Gull, Eyton.   Sp. 2. C. RIDIBUNDUS. Linnæus.  Syn. Larus Ridibundus, Lath. Shaw, Linn. Gmel.  L. Cinerarius Linn. Gmel.  Gavia Ridibunda Phænicopos, Briss.  L. Cinereus, Ray. Will.  La Mouette Rieuse ou à Capuchon Brun, Temm.  Le Mouette Rieuse, and Le Petite Mouette Cendrée, Buff.  Black-headed Gull, and Red-legged Gull, Penn. Lath. Bewick.   Sp. 3. C. MINUTUS. Pallas.  Syn. Larus Minutus, Pall. Gmel. Shaw, Temm.  L. Atricilloides, Gmel.   Mouette Pygmiée [sic], Temm.  Little Gull, English Authors." (Eyton 1836); "Chroicocephalus for a new subgenus under Larus, Linn., for the reception of such gulls as have the tarsi slender, thighs considerably denuded, hind toe very small, head only, or head and upper part of neck, dark-coloured in the summer state of plumage   ...   derived from two Greek words, κροικος, coloured, and κεφαλη, head; signifying that the birds classed under that name have coloured heads" (Eyton per Wharton 1878); "Chroicocephalus Eyton, Hist. Rar. Brit. Bds., Cat., p. 53, 1836—type, by subs. desig. (Gray, List Gen. Bds., p. 79, 1840), Larus capistratus Temminck = Larus ridibundus Linnaeus." (Hellmayr and Conover, 1948, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. I (3), p. 253).
Var. Chroecocephalus, Chroeocephalus, Chroiococephalus, Chroiocephalus, Chraeococephalus, Chraecocephalus, Chroocephalus, Croicocephalus, Kroikocephalus, Kroicocephalus, Krokocephalus.

novaehollandae / novaehollandia / novaehollandiae
L. novus  new; Mod. L. Hollandia  Holland, Netherlands; i.e. New Holland (Mod. L. Nova Hollandia or Hollandia Nova), the name given to Western Australia by early Dutch explorers, and by which Australia was known to Europeans during the 17th, 18th and early 19th centuries. In ornithology the name is usually synonymous with eastern Australia, especially the modern state of New South Wales.
● ex “New-Holland White Eagle”of Latham 1781 (Accipiter).
● ex “Crested Goatsucker” of Phillip 1789 (syn. Aegotheles cristatus).
● Erroneous TL. New Holland (= Van Diemens Land = Tasmania) (syn. Anthochaera paradoxa).
● ex “White-fronted Heron” of Phillip 1789 (Ardea).
● ex “New Holland Thrush” of atham 1783 (Coracina).
● ex “New-Holland Cassowary” of Phillip 1789, and White 1790 (Dromaius).
● ex “New Holland Penguin” of Latham 1824 (Eudyptula).
● ex "Crimson-billed Gull" of Latham, 1824 (Larus).
● ex “Crested Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (syn. Nymphicus hollandicus).
● ex “New Holland Tern” of Latham 1824 (syn. Onychoprion anaethetus).
● ex “New Holland Shag” of Latham 1824 (subsp. Phalacrocorax carbo).
● ex “New Holland Creeper” of White 1790 (Phylidonyris).
● Erroneous TL. New Holland (= New Zealand) (syn. Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae).
● ex “Psittaceous Hornbill” of Phillip 1789 (Scythrops).
● ex “New-Holland Grebe” of Latham 1824 (Tachybaptus).
● ex “Blue-bellied Parrot” of Brown 1776 (syn. Trichoglossus moluccanus).
● ex “Mouse Owl” of Latham 1821 (Tyto).
● ex "Wattled Sandpiper" of Latham 1801 (subsp. Vanellus miles).

SUBSPECIES

Silver Gull (Silver)
SCI Name: Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae novaehollandiae/forsteri
Chroicocephalus
(Laridae; syn. Larus † Black-headed Gull L. ridibundus) Gr. χρωικος khrōikos  coloured  < χρωζω khrōzō  to colour, to stain; -κεφαλος  -kephalos  -headed  < κεφαλη kephalē  head; "SUB GENUS 3.  CHROICOCEPHALUS.  Nobis.   Sp. 1. C. CAPISTRATUS.  Temminck.  Syn. Larus Capistratus, Temm. Jenyns.  Mouette a Mosque [sic] Brun, Temm.  Brown-headed Gull, Eyton.   Sp. 2. C. RIDIBUNDUS. Linnæus.  Syn. Larus Ridibundus, Lath. Shaw, Linn. Gmel.  L. Cinerarius Linn. Gmel.  Gavia Ridibunda Phænicopos, Briss.  L. Cinereus, Ray. Will.  La Mouette Rieuse ou à Capuchon Brun, Temm.  Le Mouette Rieuse, and Le Petite Mouette Cendrée, Buff.  Black-headed Gull, and Red-legged Gull, Penn. Lath. Bewick.   Sp. 3. C. MINUTUS. Pallas.  Syn. Larus Minutus, Pall. Gmel. Shaw, Temm.  L. Atricilloides, Gmel.   Mouette Pygmiée [sic], Temm.  Little Gull, English Authors." (Eyton 1836); "Chroicocephalus for a new subgenus under Larus, Linn., for the reception of such gulls as have the tarsi slender, thighs considerably denuded, hind toe very small, head only, or head and upper part of neck, dark-coloured in the summer state of plumage   ...   derived from two Greek words, κροικος, coloured, and κεφαλη, head; signifying that the birds classed under that name have coloured heads" (Eyton per Wharton 1878); "Chroicocephalus Eyton, Hist. Rar. Brit. Bds., Cat., p. 53, 1836—type, by subs. desig. (Gray, List Gen. Bds., p. 79, 1840), Larus capistratus Temminck = Larus ridibundus Linnaeus." (Hellmayr and Conover, 1948, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. I (3), p. 253).
Var. Chroecocephalus, Chroeocephalus, Chroiococephalus, Chroiocephalus, Chraeococephalus, Chraecocephalus, Chroocephalus, Croicocephalus, Kroikocephalus, Kroicocephalus, Krokocephalus.

Silver Gull (Red-billed)
SCI Name: Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae scopulinus
scopulinus
Mod. L. scopulinus  of the rocks or cliffs  < L. scopulus, scopuli  cliff, sea-rock.