Siberian Stonechat

SCI Name:  Saxicola maurus
Protonym:  Muscicapa maura ReiseVersch.Provin.Russ.Reichs 2 p. 428
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Muscicapidae / Saxicola
Taxonomy Code:  sibsto1
Type Locality:  Karassum [, Ishim River, western Siberia] .
Author:  Pallas
Publish Year:  1773
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

SAXICOLA
(Muscicapidae; Ϯ Common Stonechat S. torquatus rubicola) L. saxum, saxi  stone; -cola  dweller  < colere  to inhabit; "Gattung. Steinschmätzer. Saxicola.   ...  Sie machen den schicklichsten Uebergang zu den Fliegenfängern nach Gestalt und Lebensart; nisten auf der Erde oder in Löchern, und fressen blos Insekten, und zwar Käferarten und Fliegen.  *1. Großer Steinschmätzer (S. Oenanthe).   ...  *2. Braunkehliger Steinschmätzer (S. Rubetra).   ...  Ϯ3. Schwarzkehliger Steinschmätzer (S. Rubicola)" (Bechstein 1802); “Bechstein’s genus Saxicola  ...  contains three species only: œnanthe (Wheatear), rubetra (Whinchat), and rubicola (Stonechat). No type was originally designated, but Swainson (Zoologist Journ. iii. 1827, p. 172) subsequently fixed as the type Motacilla rubicola. Gray in 1841 and Seebohm (Cat. Bds. B. M. v. 1881, p. 362) made “œnanthe” the type; there can be no doubt, however, that Swainson’s designation must stand, and another name be found for the Wheatears” (BOU 1915); "Saxicola Bechstein, 1803, Orn. Taschenb., (1802), p. 216. Type, by subsequent designation (Swainson, 1827, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 172), Motacilla rubicola Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 104). Some workers believe that this form could be split into as many as seven species (i.e. S. torquatus, S. rubicola, S. maurus, S. przewalskii, S. stejnegeri, S. albofasciatus, S. sibilla).  
Var. Laxicola.
Synon. Curruca, Fruticicola, Pratincola, Rhodophila, Rubetra.
● (syn. Oenanthe Ϯ Northern Wheatear O. oenanthe) Formerly this name was much used for the wheatears and similar chat-like species (see above).

saxicola
L. saxum, saxi  stone, rock; -cola  dweller  < colere  to inhabit.

maurus
L. Maurus  Moorish, African (i.e. black, dark).
● ex “Coucal Nègre” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 222 (?syn. Centropus menbeki, ?syn. Centropus bernsteini).

SUBSPECIES

Siberian Stonechat (Caspian)
SCI Name: Saxicola maurus hemprichii
hemprichii
Friedrich Wilhelm Hemprich (1796-1825) German naturalist, explorer in Egypt, the Middle East and Arabia 1820-1825 (subsp. Dendropicos fuscescens, syn. Geronticus eremita, Larus, Lophoceros, subsp. Saxicola torquatus).

Siberian Stonechat (Siberian)
SCI Name: Saxicola maurus [maurus Group]
SAXICOLA
(Muscicapidae; Ϯ Common Stonechat S. torquatus rubicola) L. saxum, saxi  stone; -cola  dweller  < colere  to inhabit; "Gattung. Steinschmätzer. Saxicola.   ...  Sie machen den schicklichsten Uebergang zu den Fliegenfängern nach Gestalt und Lebensart; nisten auf der Erde oder in Löchern, und fressen blos Insekten, und zwar Käferarten und Fliegen.  *1. Großer Steinschmätzer (S. Oenanthe).   ...  *2. Braunkehliger Steinschmätzer (S. Rubetra).   ...  Ϯ3. Schwarzkehliger Steinschmätzer (S. Rubicola)" (Bechstein 1802); “Bechstein’s genus Saxicola  ...  contains three species only: œnanthe (Wheatear), rubetra (Whinchat), and rubicola (Stonechat). No type was originally designated, but Swainson (Zoologist Journ. iii. 1827, p. 172) subsequently fixed as the type Motacilla rubicola. Gray in 1841 and Seebohm (Cat. Bds. B. M. v. 1881, p. 362) made “œnanthe” the type; there can be no doubt, however, that Swainson’s designation must stand, and another name be found for the Wheatears” (BOU 1915); "Saxicola Bechstein, 1803, Orn. Taschenb., (1802), p. 216. Type, by subsequent designation (Swainson, 1827, Zool. Journ., 3, p. 172), Motacilla rubicola Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 104). Some workers believe that this form could be split into as many as seven species (i.e. S. torquatus, S. rubicola, S. maurus, S. przewalskii, S. stejnegeri, S. albofasciatus, S. sibilla).  
Var. Laxicola.
Synon. Curruca, Fruticicola, Pratincola, Rhodophila, Rubetra.
● (syn. Oenanthe Ϯ Northern Wheatear O. oenanthe) Formerly this name was much used for the wheatears and similar chat-like species (see above).

Siberian Stonechat (Przevalski's)
SCI Name: Saxicola maurus przewalskii
przewalskii
Gen. Nikolai Mikhailovich Przhevalsky (1839-1888) Russian Army, explorer, naturalist in Central Asia (subsp. Cinclus cinclus, subsp. Eremophila longirostris, Grallaria, syn. Lanius excubitor homeyeri, syn. Loxia curvirostra tianschanica, subsp. Saxicola torquatus, Sinosuthora, Sitta, subsp. Tetraogallus tibetanus).

Siberian Stonechat (Stejneger's)
SCI Name: Saxicola maurus stejnegeri
stejnegeri
Dr Leonhard Hess Stejneger (1851–1943) Norwegian zoologist resident in USA 1881-1943, Curator Smithsonian Institution 1884-1943 (‡Akialoa, subsp. Anthus gustavi, subsp. Columba janthina, subsp. Dendrocopos leucotos, syn. Hemignathus kauaiensis, subsp. Hypsipetes amaurotis, Melanitta, syn. Parus major nigriloris, subsp. Saxicola torquatus, syn. Spindalis zena, subsp. Spinus xanthogastrus, subsp. Zosterops japonicus).