Rufous-tailed Lark

SCI Name:  Ammomanes phoenicura
Protonym:  Mirafra phoenicura Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt1 no.10 p.119
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Alaudidae / Ammomanes
Taxonomy Code:  rutlar2
Type Locality:  on the Ganges between Calcutta and Benares or the Vindhya Hills between Benares and Gurrah Mundela on the Narbudda; Hartert (1904) accepts the latter place as type locality.
Author:  Franklin
Publish Year:  1831
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

AMMOMANES
(Alaudidae; Ϯ Bar-tailed Lark A. cinctura arenicolor) Gr. αμμος ammos  sand; -μανης -manēs  passionately fond of  < μανια mania  passion  < μαινομαι mainomai  to rage; "Gen. AMMOMANES nov. gen. *) Sandlerche.   668.  1. A. deserti Nob. —  Alauda deserti Licht. Doubl. p. 28. No. 286. —  Alauda isabellinus Temm. Pl. col. 244. fig. 2. —  Mirafra deserti Gray Gen. Birds No. 6.   ...   *) Von αμμος, Sand und μαινομαι, sehr lieben.  Die Gruppe nähert sich der Gattung Megalophonus, unterscheidet sich indess von derselben schon genügend durch die mit Federchen bedeckten Nasenlöcher, sowie durch kräftigere Bildung der Flügel und des Schwanzes; die Flügel sind länger, zugespitzter und der Schwanz ist durchaus nicht abgerundet, sondern gerade und in der Mitte mehr oder weniger ausgerandet. Gefieder sandfarbe. —  Typus der Gattung ist: Ammomanes pallida. — Alauda pallida (Ehrenb.) Licht. in Mus. Berol.  ...  Arabien." (Cabanis 1853); "Ammomanes Cabanis, 1851, Mus. Hein., Th. 1 (1850), p. 125. Type, by original designation, Ammomanes pallida Cabanis (ex Alauda pallida Licht. ms.) = Alauda arenicolor Sundevall." (Peters 1960, IX, p. 32).
Var. Annomanes.
Synon. Ammomanoides.

phoenicura
Gr. φοινιξ phoinix, φοινικος phoinikos  crimson, red; -ουρος -ouros 
-tailed  < ουρα oura  tail.
● ex “Palumbus coeruleus madagascariensis” of Brisson 1760, Columba madagascariensis Linnaeus, 1766, and “Ramier Founingo” of Levaillant 1808, pl. 266 (syn. Alectroenas madagascariensis).

phoenicurus
L. phoenicurus  redstart  < Gr. φοινικουρος phoinikouros  redstart  < φοινιξ phoinix, φοινικος phoinikos  crimson, red; -ουρος -ouros -tailed   < ουρα  oura  tail.
● ex “Red-tailed Thrush” of Latham 1783 (?syn. Dessonornis caffer).
● "99. MOTACILLA.  ...  Phœnicurus.  21. M. gula nigra, abdomine rufo, capite dorsoque cano. Fn. svec. 2. 4.  Ruticilla. Will. orn. 159. Raj. av. 78. n. 5. Alb. av. I. p. 48. t. 50.  Phœnicurus media, penna caudæ subnigra. Frisch. av. t. 20. f. 3.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Phoenicurus).

PHOENICURUS
(Muscicapidae; Ϯ Common Redstart P. phoenicurus) L. phoenicurus  redstart  < Gr. φοινικουρος phoinikouros  redstart  < φοινιξ phoinix, φοινικος phoinikos  crimson, red; -ουρος -ouros -tailed   < ουρα  oura  tail (cf. specific name Motacilla phoenicurus Linnaeus, 1758); "SYLVIA PHOENICVRVS.  Phoenicurus Ruficilla?  Redstart, Redtail, or Shaketail." (T. Forster 1817); "Phoenicurus Forster, 1817, Synopt. Cat. Brit. Birds, 16, p. 53. Type, by tautonymy, Motacilla phoenicurus Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 74). According to Aristotle, the Common Redstart changed into the European Robin during the winter, and some of the shared synonyms reflect this old folkloric wisdom.
Var. Phenicura, Phoenicura, Phaenicura, Phaenicurus.
Synon. Adelura, Chaimarrornis, Diplootocus, Dorisornis, Kawabitakia, Nymphaeus, Phaeca, Rhyacornis, Rhondella, Rubecula, Ruticilla, Torrentaria.
● (syn. Phaethon Ϯ Red-tailed Tropicbird P. rubricauda) Gr. φοινιξ phoinix, φοινικος phoinikos  red; ουρα oura  tail (cf. specific name Phaethon phoenicurus J. Gmelin, 1789 (= syn. Phaethon rubricauda)); "Subf. 7.  Phaetoninæ.  ...  19. Phœnicurus, Bp.   70 rubricauda, Bodd. (erubescens, Brandt.)" (Bonaparte 1855).