Red-necked Crake

SCI Name:  Rallina tricolor
Protonym:  Rallina tricolor Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt26 no.358 p.188
Taxonomy:  Gruiformes / Rallidae / Rallina
Taxonomy Code:  rencra1
Type Locality:  Aru Islands.
Author:  Gray, GR
Publish Year:  1858
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

RALLINA
(Rallidae; † Red-legged Crake R. fasciata) Dim. <  genus Rallus Linnaeus, 1758, rail; "CORETHRURA Reich. *  ...  1. C. zeylanica (Gmel.) Brown's Ill. pl. 37.   2. C. fasciata (Raffl.) Linn. Trans. xiii. p. 328. — Gallinula euryzona Temm. Pl. col. 417.; Rallus ruficeps Cuv.; Type of Rallina Reich. 1845.   ...   * Established by M. Reichenbach in 184-?  Rallina of the same author is synonymous." (G. Gray 1846); Reichenbach's 1849, plate XX, labelled Heliorninae-Rallinae, shows a variety of marshbirds, including various crakes, finfoots, the Limpkin and the Sun-bittern; "Rallina "Reichenbach" G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 3, 1846, p. 595.  Type, by original designation, Rallus fasciatus Raffles." (Peters, 1934, II, p. 171) (cf. "1846. —Rallina Gray, Gen. Birds, III, p. 595  (type R. zeylanicus Gm. (nec Rallina Reich.)." (Stone, 1894, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, XLVI, p. 141).  J. Gmelin, 1789, Syst. Nat., I (ii), p. 716, in describing Rallus zeylanicus, confused and mixed up the text and plates from P. Brown, 1776, New Illustrations of Zoology, p. 94, pl. xxxvii (The Rail), and p. 96, pl. xxxviii (Rail).  Gmelin's description does not apply to the Slaty-legged Crake, for which Rallus eurizonoides de La Fresnaye, 1845, must be used.  Tweeddale, 1877, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 768, suggests that Brown's Rail is possibly the Red Spurfowl Galloperdix spadiceus. 
Synon. Castanolimnas, Corethrura, Euryzona, Tomirdus.
• (Rallidae; syn. Aramides † Grey-necked Wood Rail A. cajaneus) "Genera et Species typicae.   ...   d.  *Rallina Rchb. maxima (Rall. — us Vieill.) R.  Tab. XX.  Caput, ala, pes." (Reichenbach 1853); "Rallina has been employed by various authors for a variety of species.  Reichenbach [1845] first proposed the name in his Synopsis Avium, Vol. III, Rasores, Fam. Rallinæ, including under it a large number of species, and it has been generally used since for the Rails allied to R. euryzona.  It seems, however, that no type was cited for the genus until the appearance of Reichenbach's [1853] Systema in which he restricts the name to the South American species allied to R. maximus, this species being the type.  Unfortunately this species had already been made the type of the genus Aramides, so that Rallina becomes a synonym of this latter genus and we must adopt the name Euryzona Bonap. for the Rails allied to R. euryzona" (Stone, 1894, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, XLVI, p. 134).

tricolor / tricolora
Late L. tricolor, tricoloris  tricoloured  < L. tri- three-  < tres  three; color, coloris  colour.
● ex “Ara tricolor” of Levaillant 1801, pl. 5 (‡Ara).
● ex Certhia viridis Scopoli, 1768, “Green Creeper” of Latham 1781, and “Blue-rumped Creeper” of Latham 1787 (syn. Cinnyris afer).
● ex “Grimpereau olive des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 576, fig. 4 (syn. Cinnyris jugularis).
● ex “Pitpit à coiffe bleue” of Mauduyt de la Varenne 1784 (syn. Dacnis lineata).
● ex "Héron bleuâtre à ventre blanc de Cayenne" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl.350 (Egretta).
● ex “Azuvert” of Vieillot 1805 (Erythrura).
● ex “Baltimore bâtard du Canada” (= ♀) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 506, fig. 2 (syn. Icterus galbula).
● ex “Quachochopitl” of Hernandez 1651, and Ray 1713, “Picus varius mexicanus major et minor” of Brisson 1760, “Épeiche du Méxique” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Varied Woodpecker” of Latham 1782 (unident. Picidae; ?Melanerpes sp.).
● ex “Choucas chauve de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 521 (Perissocephalus).
● ex “Malkoha Rouverdin” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 225 (syn. Rhamphococcyx curvirostris).
● ex “Oie de la côte de Coromandel” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 937 (syn. Sarkidiornis melanotos).
● ex “Figuier noir et jaune de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 391, fig. 2 (syn. Setophaga ruticilla).
● ex “Chorlito tarso comprimido” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 407 (Steganopus).
● ex “Tangara varié à teste verte de Cayenne” of Brisson 1760, “Tangara varié à tête verte de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 33, fig. 1, “Tricolor” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Green-headed Tanager” of Latham 1783 (syn. Tangara seledon).
● ex “Merle Tricolor à Longue Queue” of Levaillant 1802, pl. 114 (artefact).