Red-crowned Ant-Tanager

SCI Name:  Habia rubica
Protonym:  Staltator rubicus Nouv.Dict.Hist.Nat. 14 p.107
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Cardinalidae / Habia
Taxonomy Code:  rcatan1
Type Locality:  Paraguay.
Author:  Vieillot
Publish Year:  1817
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

HABIA
(Cardinalidae; † Red-crowned Ant-tanager H. rubica) Güaraní name Habia for various thrushes, finches and tanagers ("LAS HABÍAS.  Así llaman en el Paragüay á mis dos Zorzales, y á los quatro primeros páxaros de esta familia." (de Azara 1802)).  The ant-tanagers, also known as habias or ant-cardinals, were formerly included with the tanagers Thraupidae; "HABIA, Saltator, Vieillot  ...  Le nom habia, que j'ai appliqué à ce genre, est celui que quatre espèces de cette division portent au Paraguay, et que M. de Azara leur a imposé particulièrement" (Vieillot 1817); "THE FINCH-TANAGERS (Habia, Vieillot) — Have a thick, bulging, conical bill, as broad as high, the upper mandible of which is rounded above.  Such are Tan. flammiceps, Pr. Max., T. superciliosa, psittacina, and atricollis, Spix, &c." (Blyth 1840); "Habia Blyth, 1840, in Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, p. 184 [reference not verified].  Type, by subsequent designation (Oberholser, 1922, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 35, p. 80), Tanagra flammiceps Temminck (ex Wied MS) = Staltator [sic] rubicus Vieillot." (Storer in Peters, 1970, XIII, p. 295). 
Var. Abia.
Synon. Chlorothraupis, Oinobas, Phoenicothraupis.
• (Cardinalidae; syn. Pheucticus † Rose-breasted Grosbeak P. ludovicianus) Reichenbach's 1850, plate LXXVIII, labelled Passerinae: Pyrrhulinae Coccothraustinae, contains a variety of thick-billed finches, cardinals and tanagers; "Habia Reichenbach, 1850, Avium Systema Naturale, pl. LXXVIII (no specific names given).  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 71), Loxia ludoviciana Linnaeus, 1766." (JAJ 2021).

habia
Güaraní name Habia for various thrushes, finches and tanagers.
● "LA BÉCARDE HABIA.   Psaris habia, Less.; Tangara double croissant, Less., Ornith., esp. 53, pag. 464.   Au premier aspect cet oiseau a les caractères généraux des tangaras de la section des saltator, et cependant, lorsqu'on l'examine avec soin, il possède les formes corporelles des bécardes; il en a surtout le bec et la disposition des couleurs du plumage.  ...  Le plumage de cet oiseau est remarquable par l'harmonie des trois couleurs qui lui sont propres." (Lesson 1831) (syn. Lamprospiza melanoleuca ♀).

rubica
Med. L. rubicus  reddish  < unattested L. rubicus  reddish, somewhat red  < rubere  to be red  < ruber  red.
● ex “Había roxiza” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 85 (Habia).

SUBSPECIES

Red-crowned Ant-Tanager (Northern)
SCI Name: Habia rubica [rubicoides Group]
HABIA
(Cardinalidae; † Red-crowned Ant-tanager H. rubica) Güaraní name Habia for various thrushes, finches and tanagers ("LAS HABÍAS.  Así llaman en el Paragüay á mis dos Zorzales, y á los quatro primeros páxaros de esta familia." (de Azara 1802)).  The ant-tanagers, also known as habias or ant-cardinals, were formerly included with the tanagers Thraupidae; "HABIA, Saltator, Vieillot  ...  Le nom habia, que j'ai appliqué à ce genre, est celui que quatre espèces de cette division portent au Paraguay, et que M. de Azara leur a imposé particulièrement" (Vieillot 1817); "THE FINCH-TANAGERS (Habia, Vieillot) — Have a thick, bulging, conical bill, as broad as high, the upper mandible of which is rounded above.  Such are Tan. flammiceps, Pr. Max., T. superciliosa, psittacina, and atricollis, Spix, &c." (Blyth 1840); "Habia Blyth, 1840, in Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, p. 184 [reference not verified].  Type, by subsequent designation (Oberholser, 1922, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 35, p. 80), Tanagra flammiceps Temminck (ex Wied MS) = Staltator [sic] rubicus Vieillot." (Storer in Peters, 1970, XIII, p. 295). 
Var. Abia.
Synon. Chlorothraupis, Oinobas, Phoenicothraupis.
• (Cardinalidae; syn. Pheucticus † Rose-breasted Grosbeak P. ludovicianus) Reichenbach's 1850, plate LXXVIII, labelled Passerinae: Pyrrhulinae Coccothraustinae, contains a variety of thick-billed finches, cardinals and tanagers; "Habia Reichenbach, 1850, Avium Systema Naturale, pl. LXXVIII (no specific names given).  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 71), Loxia ludoviciana Linnaeus, 1766." (JAJ 2021).

Red-crowned Ant-Tanager (Scarlet-throated)
SCI Name: Habia rubica [rubra Group]
HABIA
(Cardinalidae; † Red-crowned Ant-tanager H. rubica) Güaraní name Habia for various thrushes, finches and tanagers ("LAS HABÍAS.  Así llaman en el Paragüay á mis dos Zorzales, y á los quatro primeros páxaros de esta familia." (de Azara 1802)).  The ant-tanagers, also known as habias or ant-cardinals, were formerly included with the tanagers Thraupidae; "HABIA, Saltator, Vieillot  ...  Le nom habia, que j'ai appliqué à ce genre, est celui que quatre espèces de cette division portent au Paraguay, et que M. de Azara leur a imposé particulièrement" (Vieillot 1817); "THE FINCH-TANAGERS (Habia, Vieillot) — Have a thick, bulging, conical bill, as broad as high, the upper mandible of which is rounded above.  Such are Tan. flammiceps, Pr. Max., T. superciliosa, psittacina, and atricollis, Spix, &c." (Blyth 1840); "Habia Blyth, 1840, in Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, p. 184 [reference not verified].  Type, by subsequent designation (Oberholser, 1922, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 35, p. 80), Tanagra flammiceps Temminck (ex Wied MS) = Staltator [sic] rubicus Vieillot." (Storer in Peters, 1970, XIII, p. 295). 
Var. Abia.
Synon. Chlorothraupis, Oinobas, Phoenicothraupis.
• (Cardinalidae; syn. Pheucticus † Rose-breasted Grosbeak P. ludovicianus) Reichenbach's 1850, plate LXXVIII, labelled Passerinae: Pyrrhulinae Coccothraustinae, contains a variety of thick-billed finches, cardinals and tanagers; "Habia Reichenbach, 1850, Avium Systema Naturale, pl. LXXVIII (no specific names given).  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 71), Loxia ludoviciana Linnaeus, 1766." (JAJ 2021).

Red-crowned Ant-Tanager (Red)
SCI Name: Habia rubica rubica/bahiae
HABIA
(Cardinalidae; † Red-crowned Ant-tanager H. rubica) Güaraní name Habia for various thrushes, finches and tanagers ("LAS HABÍAS.  Así llaman en el Paragüay á mis dos Zorzales, y á los quatro primeros páxaros de esta familia." (de Azara 1802)).  The ant-tanagers, also known as habias or ant-cardinals, were formerly included with the tanagers Thraupidae; "HABIA, Saltator, Vieillot  ...  Le nom habia, que j'ai appliqué à ce genre, est celui que quatre espèces de cette division portent au Paraguay, et que M. de Azara leur a imposé particulièrement" (Vieillot 1817); "THE FINCH-TANAGERS (Habia, Vieillot) — Have a thick, bulging, conical bill, as broad as high, the upper mandible of which is rounded above.  Such are Tan. flammiceps, Pr. Max., T. superciliosa, psittacina, and atricollis, Spix, &c." (Blyth 1840); "Habia Blyth, 1840, in Cuvier's Animal Kingdom, p. 184 [reference not verified].  Type, by subsequent designation (Oberholser, 1922, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 35, p. 80), Tanagra flammiceps Temminck (ex Wied MS) = Staltator [sic] rubicus Vieillot." (Storer in Peters, 1970, XIII, p. 295). 
Var. Abia.
Synon. Chlorothraupis, Oinobas, Phoenicothraupis.
• (Cardinalidae; syn. Pheucticus † Rose-breasted Grosbeak P. ludovicianus) Reichenbach's 1850, plate LXXVIII, labelled Passerinae: Pyrrhulinae Coccothraustinae, contains a variety of thick-billed finches, cardinals and tanagers; "Habia Reichenbach, 1850, Avium Systema Naturale, pl. LXXVIII (no specific names given).  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 71), Loxia ludoviciana Linnaeus, 1766." (JAJ 2021).