Red-backed Fairywren / Malurus melanocephalus
Red-backed Fairywren
SCI Name:
Protonym: Muscicapa melanocephala Suppl.ind.orn. p.lii
Taxonomy: Passeriformes / Maluridae / Malurus
Taxonomy Code: rebfai1
Type Locality: Sydney, New South Wales.
Author: Latham
Publish Year: 1801
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
MALURUS
(Maluridae; Ϯ Superb Fairy-wren M. cyaneus) Gr. μαλος malos (properly αμαλος amalos) soft, delicate; ουρα oura tail; "MÉRION ... Queue longue, étagée, à rectrices minces à leur naissance, peu épaisses et dilatées à leur extrémité" (Vieillot 1831); "MÉRION, Malurus, Silvia, Lath. Motacilla, Lin. Gm. Bec très-grêle, droit, entier, très-court. — Bouche ciliée. — Tarses très-minces. — Doigts extérieurs réunis jusqu'à la deuxième phalange. — Ailes très-courtes. — Queue très-longue, grêle. Esp. Motacilla aut Sylvia, Cyanea, Gm. Lath. ... Malurus [μαλος, tener, ουρα, cauda]." (Vieillot 1816); "Malurus Vieillot, 1816, Analyse, p. 44. Type, by monotypy, Motacilla cyanea Latham." (Mayr in Peters 1986, XI, 391).
Var. Amalurus, Malacurus, Malums.
Synon. Devisornis, Leggeornis, Musciparus, Nesomalurus, Psitodos, Rosina, Ryania, Todopsis.
melanocephala / melanocephalon / melanocephalos / melanocephalum / melanocephalus
Gr. μελας melas, μελανος melanos black; -κεφαλος -kephalos -headed < κεφαλη kephalē head.
● ex “Black-headed Shrike” of Latham 1783 (syn. Brachypodius atriceps).
● ex “Pato cabeza negra” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 438 (syn. Heteronetta atricapilla).
● ex “Manakin à tête noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 303, fig. 1 (syn. Manacus manacus).
● "44. PSITTACUS. ... melanocephalus. 33. P. brachiurus viridis subtus luteus, pileo nigro, pectore albo. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p. Psittacus coccineus, ventre albo. Edw. av. 169. t. 169. Habitat in Mexico." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pionites).
● "96. LOXIA. ... melanocephala. 26. L. lutea, capite atro. Coccothraustes gambogia. Alb. av. 3. p. 58. t. 62. Habitat in Gvinea." (Linnaeus 1758) (Ploceus).
● ex “Pluvian du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 918, and de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Black-headed Plover” of Latham 1785 (syn. Pluvianus aegyptius).
● ex “Black-headed Ibis” of Latham 1787, and “Tantalus de Macé” of Cuvier 1804 (Threskiornis).
● ex “Black-headed Roller” of Latham 1787 (syn. Urocissa erythrorhyncha).
● ex “Pie Bleue à Tête Noire” of Levaillant 1800, pl. 58 (unident.; ?syn. Urocissa sp.).
SUBSPECIES
Red-backed Fairywren (cruentatus)
SCI Name: Malurus melanocephalus cruentatus
cruentata / cruentatum / cruentatus
L. cruentatus blood-stained, spotted with blood < cruentare to make bloody < cruor, cruoris blood, gore.
● "59. CERTHIA. ... cruentata. 4. C. nigro-cærulescens, subtus alba, vertice, cervice, dorso uropygioque rubris. Certhia minor, ex albo nigro & rubro varia. Edw. av. 81. t. 81. Habitat in Benghala." (Linnaeus 1758) (Dicaeum).
● ex “Petit pic noir de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 694, fig. 2 (Melanerpes).
Red-backed Fairywren (melanocephalus)
SCI Name: Malurus melanocephalus melanocephalus
melanocephala / melanocephalon / melanocephalos / melanocephalum / melanocephalus
Gr. μελας melas, μελανος melanos black; -κεφαλος -kephalos -headed < κεφαλη kephalē head.
● ex “Black-headed Shrike” of Latham 1783 (syn. Brachypodius atriceps).
● ex “Pato cabeza negra” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 438 (syn. Heteronetta atricapilla).
● ex “Manakin à tête noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 303, fig. 1 (syn. Manacus manacus).
● "44. PSITTACUS. ... melanocephalus. 33. P. brachiurus viridis subtus luteus, pileo nigro, pectore albo. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p. Psittacus coccineus, ventre albo. Edw. av. 169. t. 169. Habitat in Mexico." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pionites).
● "96. LOXIA. ... melanocephala. 26. L. lutea, capite atro. Coccothraustes gambogia. Alb. av. 3. p. 58. t. 62. Habitat in Gvinea." (Linnaeus 1758) (Ploceus).
● ex “Pluvian du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 918, and de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Black-headed Plover” of Latham 1785 (syn. Pluvianus aegyptius).
● ex “Black-headed Ibis” of Latham 1787, and “Tantalus de Macé” of Cuvier 1804 (Threskiornis).
● ex “Black-headed Roller” of Latham 1787 (syn. Urocissa erythrorhyncha).
● ex “Pie Bleue à Tête Noire” of Levaillant 1800, pl. 58 (unident.; ?syn. Urocissa sp.).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)