Paradise Tanager

SCI Name:  Tangara chilensis
Protonym:  Aglaïa Chilensis Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt2 no.15 p.3
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Thraupidae / Tangara
Taxonomy Code:  partan1
Type Locality:  no locality, but presumed to be Chile; error, Bolivia substituted by Hellmayr, 1910, Novit. Zool., 17, p. 273.
Author:  Vigors
Publish Year:  1832
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

TANGARA
(Thraupidae; Ϯ Paradise Tanager T. chilensis paradisea) Tupí name Tangara  dancer, one who turns and skips, for the manakins but subsequently (Marcgrave 1648) transferred to other bright finch-like birds (cf. Brazilian Portuguese name Dançador; Wayāpi name Tängala; genus Saltator); "Genus Tangaræ (1).  ...  (1) Tangara, nomen Brasilianum, quibusdam hujus generic speciebus inditum.    Le genre du Tangara (1).  ...  (1) Tangara, nom qu'on donne au Brésil à quelques especes de ce genre.  ...  ** 1. LE TANGARA.  Tangara superne splendide nigra, inferne Beryllina; uropygio flammeo; capite superius & ad latera viridi; collo inferiore cœruleo-violaceo; remigibus majoribus exterius cœruleo-violaceis, interius nigris; minoribus & rectricibus splendide nigris. . . . .TANGARA." (Brisson 1760): ex "Tangara Brasiliensibus" of Marcgrave 1648, Jonston 1650-1653, Willughby 1676, and Ray 1713, and "Avicula de Tatao" of Seba 1735; "Tangara Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 3, p. 3. Type, by tautonymy, Tangara Brisson = Aglaïa paradisea Swainson." (Storer in Peters 1970, XIII, 359).   
Var. Tanara.   
Synon. Aglaia, Calliste, Calospiza, Chalcothraupis, Chrysothraupis, Diva, Euprepiste, Euschemon, Gyrola, Hypothlypis, Ixothraupis, Poecilostreptus, Procnopis, Stilpnia, Tanagraoides, Tanagrella, Tatao, Thraupis.

chilensis
Chile (formerly spelled Chili). Etymology disputed; probably from Mapuche chilli  ends of the earth.
● Erroneous TL. Chile (= Manila, Philippines) (syn. Lalage nigra).
● Erroneous implied TL. Chile (= Bolivia) (Tangara).
● “Hellmayr is the most recent author who proposes to reject Molina’s name on the grounds that it is a composite between the present form and Jacana j. jacana. It must be remembered that a large percentage of the names of the 18^th century authors are composites, and if any degree of stability in nomenclature is to be attained the name must be fixed on one of the species to which the account applies, provided of course that the name is identifiable at all” (Peters 1934) (Vanellus).
 

SUBSPECIES

Paradise Tanager (caelicolor)
SCI Name: Tangara chilensis caelicolor
caelicolor
L. coelum or caelum  sky, heaven; color, coloris  colour.

Paradise Tanager (chilensis)
SCI Name: Tangara chilensis chilensis
chilensis
Chile (formerly spelled Chili). Etymology disputed; probably from Mapuche chilli  ends of the earth.
● Erroneous TL. Chile (= Manila, Philippines) (syn. Lalage nigra).
● Erroneous implied TL. Chile (= Bolivia) (Tangara).
● “Hellmayr is the most recent author who proposes to reject Molina’s name on the grounds that it is a composite between the present form and Jacana j. jacana. It must be remembered that a large percentage of the names of the 18^th century authors are composites, and if any degree of stability in nomenclature is to be attained the name must be fixed on one of the species to which the account applies, provided of course that the name is identifiable at all” (Peters 1934) (Vanellus).
 

Paradise Tanager (paradisea)
SCI Name: Tangara chilensis paradisea
paradisea / paradiseus / paradisi
Med. L. paradiseus  of paradise, paradisean, ethereal  < Late L. paradisus  paradise  < Gr. παραδεισος paradeisos  paradise, garden, pleasure ground (of the Persian kings)  < Old Persian pairi-daēza  walled garden.
● "44. PSITTACUS.  ...  paradisi.  28. P. brachyurus luteus, angulo abdominis rectricibusque basi rubris.  Psittacus paradisi ex cuba. Catesb. car. I. p. 10. t. 10.  Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (nom. dub.: ?syn. Amazona leucocephalus (leucistic)).
● ex “Coucou verd hupé de Siam” of Brisson 1760 (Dicrurus).
● ex “Tangara du Brésil” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 127, fig. 2 (subsp. Tangara chilensis).
● "48. CORVUS.  ...  paradisi.  11. C. albo nigroque varius, cauda cuneiformi, remigibus intermediis longissimis, capite nigro cristato:  Manucodiota cristata ex albo nigroque variata. Raj. av. 195. t. 2. f. 13.  Avis paradisi. Seb. mus. I. p. 85. t. 52. f. 3. & t. 30. f. 5.  Pica orientalis, cauda duabus pennis longissimis. Edw. av. 113. t. 113.  Habitat in India." (Linnaeus 1758) (Terpsiphone).
● "58. UPUPA.  ...  paradisea.  2. U. rectricibus duabus longissimis.  Avis paradisiaca Manucodiata cristata orientalis. Seb. mus. I. p. 40. t. 30. f. 5.  Habitat in Asia." (Linnaeus 1758) (?syn. Terpsiphone paradisi).
● "97. EMBERIZA.  ...  paradisæa.  12. E. fusca, pectore rubro, rectricibus duabus longioribus acuminatis, intermediis duabus longissimis.  Passer indicus. Aldr. orn. l. 15. c. 23. Will. orn. 184. t. 45.  Passer psittacus indicus, cauda longa. Pet. gaz. . . t. 55. f. 1.  Passer pectore rubro, cauda longissima. Edw. av. 86. t. 86.  Habitat in Africa.  Nigra est sed cervice & pectore coccineo. Deponit quotannis longas caudæ pennas, uti Pavo." (Linnaeus 1758) (Vidua).
● "60. TROCHILUS.  ...  paradiseus.  1. T. curvirostris ruber, alis cæruleis, capite cristato, rectricibus duabus longissimis.  Mellivora avis cristata cum duobus pennis longis in cauda. Seb. mus. I. p. 97. t. 61. f. 4.  Habitat in Mexico." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.; Bonaparte 1850, hesitantly linked this name with Topaza pella).

Paradise Tanager (chlorocorys)
SCI Name: Tangara chilensis chlorocorys
chlorocorys
Gr. χλωρος khlōros  green; κορυς korus, κορυθος koruthos  helmet.