Orange-backed Troupial

SCI Name:  Icterus croconotus
Protonym:  Ps.[arocolius] croconotus Isis 22 col.757
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Icteridae / Icterus
Taxonomy Code:  orbtro3
Type Locality:  Rio Tapajoz, Para, Brazil designated by Hellmayr, 1937, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 10, p. 141.
Author:  Wagler
Publish Year:  1829
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ICTERUS
(Icteridae; Ϯ Venezuelan Troupial I. icterus) L. icterus Golden Oriole < Gr. ικτερος ikteros  yellow bird, perhaps the Golden Oriole, the sight of which was supposed to cure jaundice; "Genus Icteri.(¹) ...  (¹) Icterus, a colore luteo plurimarum hujus generis specierum ...  Le genre du Troupiale.(¹)  ...  (¹) Troupiale, nom qu'on donne en Amérique à quelques especes de ce genre  ...  ICTERUS" (Brisson 1760): based on "Guira-Tangeima Brasiliensibus" of Marcgrave 1648, "Xanthornus major, nigro varius" of Browne 1725, "Pica luteo-nigra varia" of Sloane 1725, and Klein 1750, "Picus major ... nidum suspendens" of Barrére 1741, "Yellow and Black Pye" of Catesby 1731, "Cissa Americana" of Barrère 1745, "Cissa nigra cirrata, cauda lutea" of Linnaeus 1748, and other references; "Icterus Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 1, p. 30; 2, p. 85. Type, by tautonymy, Icterus Brisson = Oriolus icterus Linnaeus." (Blake in Peters 1968, XIV, 149). The bright-orange Venezuelan Troupial is a declining species, thanks to trapping for the cage-bird market.   
Synon. Andriopsar, Aporophantes, Ateleopsar, Bananivorus, Cassiculoides, Euopsar, Icterioides, Melanopsar, Pendulinus, Poliopsar, Rhyndace, Trupialis, Xanthornus, Yphantes.

icterus
L. icterus Golden Oriole < Gr. ικτερος ikteros yellow bird.
● ex “Troupiale” of Brisson 1760 (Icterus).
● ex “Pie-grièche Blanchot” of Levaillant 1810, pl. 285 (syn. Malaconotus blanchoti).
● Gr. ικτερος ikteros jaundice-yellow (syn. Ochrospiza mozambica).

croconotus
Gr. κροκος krokos  saffron, yellow; -νωτος -nōtos  -backed  < νωτον nōton  back.

SUBSPECIES

Orange-backed Troupial (croconotus)
SCI Name: Icterus croconotus croconotus
croconotus
Gr. κροκος krokos  saffron, yellow; -νωτος -nōtos  -backed  < νωτον nōton  back.

Orange-backed Troupial (strictifrons)
SCI Name: Icterus croconotus strictifrons
strictifrons
L. strictus  close, tight, rigid, plucked  < stringere  to tie; frons, frontis  forehead, brow.