Lesser Violetear

SCI Name:  Colibri cyanotus
Protonym:  Trochilus cyanotus Rev.Zool. 6 p.101
Taxonomy:  Caprimulgiformes / Trochilidae / Colibri
Taxonomy Code:  lesvio1
Type Locality:  Caracas, Venezuela.
Author:  Bourcier
Publish Year:  1843
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

COLIBRI
(Trochilidae; † White-vented Violet-ear C. serrirostris) Spanish name Colibri for a hummingbird (supposedly based on a Carib word); "GENUS IV.  COLIBRI.  Rostro retiusculo, versus apicem intumido, subhiante, maxilla inferiore ad apicem subascendente.   SPECIES 1. COLIBRI CRISPUS.   ...   SPECIES 2. COLIBRI HIRUNDINACEUS.   ...   SPECIES 3. COLIBRI LEUCOPYGUS.   ...   SPECIES 4. COLIBRI ALBOGULARIS.   ...   SPECIES 5. COLIBRI HELIOS.   ...   SPECIES 6. COLIBRI MYSTAX." (von Spix 1824); "Colibri Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 80.  Type, by subsequent designation, [Colibri crispus von Spix =] Trochilus serrirostris Vieillot. (Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 21.)" (Peters, 1945, V, p. 22).  G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 14, includes Colibri von Spix as a synonym of Heliactin, with type H. bilophus, and of Heliothryx, with type H. aurita, but neither of these species are included in the original work.  Von Spix's other forms are now known as: Species 2- Discosura langsdorffi, Species 3- Florisuga fusca, Species 4- Leucochloris albicollis, Species 5- Lophornis magnificus, Species 6- Lophornis chalybeus. 
Var. Colibiri, Colibris.
Synon. Anais, Coeligena, Delphinella, Petasophora, Pinarolaema, Praxilla, Telesiella.
• (Trochilidae; syn. Colibri † Green Violet-ear C. thalassinus cyanotus) "*153.  Colibri, Bp. ex Sp. (Polytmus, Gr. - Petasophora, Gould)  America m.   7.   1. TROCHILUS cyanotis, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1843. nec Less. (Petasophorua cyanotus, Gould) ex Bogota.   2. TROCHILUS thalassinus, Sw. 1827. (Petasophora thalassina, Gould) Less. Troch. t. 55.56.57. - Ois. Mouch. t. 3. - Nat. Libr. xv. t. 1.2. ex Mexico.  Minor.   3. ORNISMYA anais, Less. part. (Ramphodon anais, Less. Grand Anaïs-Petasophora anais, Gould) Ois. Mouch. Suppl. t. 2. ex Venezuela, Cordiller. prope Bogota.   4. PETASOPHORA jolata, Gould (Trochilus jolatus, Gr.) Pr. Zool. Soc. 1847. ex Bolivia.  Affinis praecedenti, sed major et pulchrior.   5. TROCHILUS corruscans, Gould, (Petasophora corruscans, Gould, 1847.) Pr. Zool. Soc. 1840.  ex Amer. me   6. ORNISMYA delphinae, Less. (Petasophora delphinae Gould) Rev. Zool. 1839. - Ill. Zool. t. 64.   7. TROCHILUS geoffroyi, Bourc. (Petasophora geoffroyi, Gould.) Ann. Sc. Lyon. 1843.   Avis inter congeneres singularis, uti vir doctus cui dicata in perdiscendis naturae moribus et amicitiae officiis prestandis!" (Bonaparte 1850); "Colibri Bonaparte, 1850 (not von Spix 1824), Conspectus Generum Avium, I (1), p. 69.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 21), Trochilus cyanotis, Bourc. = Trochilus cyanotus Bourcier." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Trochilus) "1. Paradies Colibri.  Colibri Paradiseus" (Statius Muller 1773).  This bird, the Trochilus paradiseus Linnaeus, 1758, is unidentifiable; the use of Colibri here is treated as a lapsus for Trochilus (Gregory & Dickinson 2012).

cyanotus
Gr. κυανος kuanos  dark-blue; -ωτις -ōtis  -eared  < ους ous, ωτος ōtos  ear.

SUBSPECIES

Lesser Violetear (Costa Rican)
SCI Name: Colibri cyanotus cabanidis
cabanidis / cabanisi
Jean Louis Cabanis (1816-1906) German ornithologist, founding editor of Journal für Ornithologie 1853 (Basileuterus, subsp. Colibri thalassinus, subsp. Cnemotriccus fuscatus, subsp. Dendrocopos major, Emberiza, Knipolegus, Lanius, subsp. Lonchura punctulata (ex Oxycerca jagori Cabanis, 1872), Melozone, Microspingus, Phyllastrephus, subsp. Piaya cayana, Pseudonigrita, subsp. Rhinopomastus minor, Synallaxis, subsp. Syndactyla rufosuperciliata, Tangara (ex Calliste sclateri Cabanis, 1866), subsp. Tauraco livingstonii) (see cabanisii).

Lesser Violetear (Andean)
SCI Name: Colibri cyanotus cyanotus/crissalis
COLIBRI
(Trochilidae; † White-vented Violet-ear C. serrirostris) Spanish name Colibri for a hummingbird (supposedly based on a Carib word); "GENUS IV.  COLIBRI.  Rostro retiusculo, versus apicem intumido, subhiante, maxilla inferiore ad apicem subascendente.   SPECIES 1. COLIBRI CRISPUS.   ...   SPECIES 2. COLIBRI HIRUNDINACEUS.   ...   SPECIES 3. COLIBRI LEUCOPYGUS.   ...   SPECIES 4. COLIBRI ALBOGULARIS.   ...   SPECIES 5. COLIBRI HELIOS.   ...   SPECIES 6. COLIBRI MYSTAX." (von Spix 1824); "Colibri Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 80.  Type, by subsequent designation, [Colibri crispus von Spix =] Trochilus serrirostris Vieillot. (Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 21.)" (Peters, 1945, V, p. 22).  G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 14, includes Colibri von Spix as a synonym of Heliactin, with type H. bilophus, and of Heliothryx, with type H. aurita, but neither of these species are included in the original work.  Von Spix's other forms are now known as: Species 2- Discosura langsdorffi, Species 3- Florisuga fusca, Species 4- Leucochloris albicollis, Species 5- Lophornis magnificus, Species 6- Lophornis chalybeus. 
Var. Colibiri, Colibris.
Synon. Anais, Coeligena, Delphinella, Petasophora, Pinarolaema, Praxilla, Telesiella.
• (Trochilidae; syn. Colibri † Green Violet-ear C. thalassinus cyanotus) "*153.  Colibri, Bp. ex Sp. (Polytmus, Gr. - Petasophora, Gould)  America m.   7.   1. TROCHILUS cyanotis, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1843. nec Less. (Petasophorua cyanotus, Gould) ex Bogota.   2. TROCHILUS thalassinus, Sw. 1827. (Petasophora thalassina, Gould) Less. Troch. t. 55.56.57. - Ois. Mouch. t. 3. - Nat. Libr. xv. t. 1.2. ex Mexico.  Minor.   3. ORNISMYA anais, Less. part. (Ramphodon anais, Less. Grand Anaïs-Petasophora anais, Gould) Ois. Mouch. Suppl. t. 2. ex Venezuela, Cordiller. prope Bogota.   4. PETASOPHORA jolata, Gould (Trochilus jolatus, Gr.) Pr. Zool. Soc. 1847. ex Bolivia.  Affinis praecedenti, sed major et pulchrior.   5. TROCHILUS corruscans, Gould, (Petasophora corruscans, Gould, 1847.) Pr. Zool. Soc. 1840.  ex Amer. me   6. ORNISMYA delphinae, Less. (Petasophora delphinae Gould) Rev. Zool. 1839. - Ill. Zool. t. 64.   7. TROCHILUS geoffroyi, Bourc. (Petasophora geoffroyi, Gould.) Ann. Sc. Lyon. 1843.   Avis inter congeneres singularis, uti vir doctus cui dicata in perdiscendis naturae moribus et amicitiae officiis prestandis!" (Bonaparte 1850); "Colibri Bonaparte, 1850 (not von Spix 1824), Conspectus Generum Avium, I (1), p. 69.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 21), Trochilus cyanotis, Bourc. = Trochilus cyanotus Bourcier." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Trochilus) "1. Paradies Colibri.  Colibri Paradiseus" (Statius Muller 1773).  This bird, the Trochilus paradiseus Linnaeus, 1758, is unidentifiable; the use of Colibri here is treated as a lapsus for Trochilus (Gregory & Dickinson 2012).