Killdeer

SCI Name:  Charadrius vociferus
Protonym:  Charadrius vociferus Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.150
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Charadriidae / Charadrius
Taxonomy Code:  killde
Type Locality:  North America = South Carolina, ex Catesby.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CHARADRIUS
(Charadriidae; Ϯ Ringed Plover C. hiaticula) Late L. charadrius yellowish bird mentioned in the Vulgate Bible (late 4^th century) < Gr. χαραδριος kharadrios  unknown plain-coloured nocturnal bird that dwelt in ravines and river valleys  < χαραδρα kharadra  ravine. According to some authors the sight of it was said to cure jaundice. Early identifications included the Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus; "79. CHARADRIUS.  Rostrum teretiusculum, obtusum.  Pedes tridactyli." (Linnaeus 1758); "Charadrius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 150. Type, by tautonymy, Charadrius hiaticula Linné. (Charadrios s. Hiaticula Aldrovandus, prebinomial specific name in synonymy.)" (Peters, 1934, II, p. 245). Linnaeus's Charadrius comprised eleven species (C. cristatus, C. Hiaticula, C. alexandrinus, C. vociferus, C. ægyptius, C. Morinellus, C. apricarius, C. Pluvialis, C. Oedicnemus, C. Himantopus, C. spinosus).   
Var. Charadrias, Charadias.   
Synon. Aegialeus, Aegialitis, Aegialophilus, Afraegialis, Afroxyechus, Cirrepidesmus, Eupoda, Eupodella, Helenaegialus, Hiaticula, Hyetoceryx, Leucopolius, Neocharadrius, Nesoceryx, Ochthodromus, Oxyechus, Pagoa, Pagolla, Paroxyechus, Pernettyva, Pipus, Pluviorhynchus, Podasocys, Zonibyx.

vociferus
L. vociferus  clamorous, noisy  < vociferari  to shout  < vox, vocis  voice, cry, sound; ferre  to bear.
● ex “Epouskyca” or “Crying Bird” of Bartram 1791 (syn. Aramus guarauna pictus).
● "79. CHARADRIUS.  ...  vociferus.  4. C. fasciis pectoris colli frontis genarumque nigris, cauda lutea fascia nigra, pedibus pallidis.  Pluvialis vociferus. Catesb. car. I. p. 71. t. 71.  Habitat in America septentrionali." (Linnaeus 1758) (Charadrius).
● ex "Tell-tale Godwit, or Snipe" of A. Wilson 1813 (syn. Tringa melanoleuca).

SUBSPECIES

Killdeer (vociferus)
SCI Name: Charadrius vociferus vociferus
vociferus
L. vociferus  clamorous, noisy  < vociferari  to shout  < vox, vocis  voice, cry, sound; ferre  to bear.
● ex “Epouskyca” or “Crying Bird” of Bartram 1791 (syn. Aramus guarauna pictus).
● "79. CHARADRIUS.  ...  vociferus.  4. C. fasciis pectoris colli frontis genarumque nigris, cauda lutea fascia nigra, pedibus pallidis.  Pluvialis vociferus. Catesb. car. I. p. 71. t. 71.  Habitat in America septentrionali." (Linnaeus 1758) (Charadrius).
● ex "Tell-tale Godwit, or Snipe" of A. Wilson 1813 (syn. Tringa melanoleuca).

Killdeer (ternominatus)
SCI Name: Charadrius vociferus ternominatus
ternominatus
L. ter  thrice  < tres  three; nominatus  named  < nominare  to name  < nomen, nominis  name.
● Bangs & Kennard 1920, gave a third name to this plover taxon, both prior names Charadrius torquatus Linnaeus, 1766, and Oxyechus vociferus rubidus Riley, 1909, being preoccupied (subsp. Charadrius vociferus).

Killdeer (peruvianus)
SCI Name: Charadrius vociferus peruvianus
peruana / peruanum / peruanus / peruvia / peruviana / peruvianus / peruviensis
Peru. Said to be named after Biru, a local Inca encountered by the conquistadores (although the name is also accredited to a Panamanian cazique). Until the early 18^th century the Viceroyalty of Peru included all Spanish possessions in South America.
● ex “Geai du Pérou” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 625, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Peruvian Jay” of Latham 1781 (syn. Cyanocorax yncas).
● ex “Coq de Roche du Pérou” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 745, and de Buffon 1770-1783 (Rupicola).
● Erroneous TL. Peru (= Brazil) (Tangara).
● Erroneous TL. Peru (= Tahiti) (Vini).