Java Sparrow

SCI Name:  Lonchura oryzivora
Protonym:  Loxia oryzivora Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.173
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Estrildidae / Lonchura
Taxonomy Code:  javspa
Type Locality:  Asia and Ethiopia [= Java] .
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  Endangered

DEFINITIONS

LONCHURA
(Estrildidae; Ϯ Scaly-breasted Munia L. punctulata) Gr. λογχη lonkhē  spear-head, lance; ουρα oura  tail; "Genus LONCHURA. Rostrum forte, breve, latum, altitudine ad basin longitudinem æquans; mandibulis integris, superiori in frontem angulariter extendente cumque eo circuli arcum formante.  Alæ mediocres, subacuminatæ; remigibus, 1ma brevissima subspuria, 2da 3tia 4taque fere æqualibus longissimis.  Cauda gradata, lanceolata; rectricibus mediis cæteras paullo longitudine superantibus.  Pedes mediocres, subgraciles.   The peculiar spear-head form of the tail, and the ridge of the upper mandible and the forehead, forming a segment of the same circle, together with the habits of the following species, afford sufficient characteristics to justify their separation from the genus Fringilla of M. Temminck. The Gros-bec longicone of the Pl. Col. 96. (Emb. quadricolor, Lath.) belongs to the same group.   109. Lonchura nisoria. Fringilla nisoria, Temm. Gros-bec épervin. Pl. Col. 500. Fig. 2.  ...  110. LONCHURA CHEET.  ...  111. Lonchura leuconota. Fringilla leuconota, Temm. Gros-bec leuconote, Pl. Col. 500, fig. 1." (Sykes 1832); "Lonchura Sykes, 1832, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 94. Type, by original designation, Fringilla nisoria Temminck = Loxia punctulata Linnaeus. Not preoccupied by Lonchurus Bloch, 1793 (Pisces)." (Paynter in Peters 1968, XIV, 372 (erroneous typification)); "LONCHURA Sykes, 1832 F - Fringilla nisoria Sykes, 1832; type by subsequent designation (Sharpe, 1890, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 13, p. 326). = Loxia punctulata Linnaeus, 1758" (Dickinson & Christidis (eds.) 2014, 297).
Synon. Dermophrys, Diacmura, Donacola, Maia, Mayrimunia, Munia, Oryzivora, Oryzornis, Oxycerca, Padda, Trichogrammoptila, Uroloncha, Weebongia.

oryzivora / oryzivorus
L. oryza  rice  < Gr. ορυζα oruza  rice; -vorus  eating  < vorare  to devour.
● "98. FRINGILLA.  ...  oryzivora.  1. F. fusca, cervice fulva, macula alarum dorsoque postico albis.  Hortulanus carolinensis. Catesb. car. I. p. 14. t. 14.  Emberiza carolinensis. Klein. av. 92.  Habitat in Cuba, ubi autumno consumta Oryza; feminæ solæ descendunt in Carolinam.  Femina grisea tota a mare colore differt." (Linnaeus 1758) (Dolichonyx).
● "96. LOXIA.  ...  oryzivora.  11. L.fusca, temporibus albis, rostro rubro. Chin. Lagerstr. 16.  Loxia remigibus rectricibusque nigris. Mus. Ad. Fr. I. p. 18.  Fringilla capite & gula nigra, temporibus albis. Osb. iter. 103.  Oryzivora. Edw. av. 41. t. 41, 42.  Passer indicus. Aldr. orn. l. 15. c. 24.  Habitat in Asia & Æthiopia inter Oryzam." (Linnaeus 1758) (Lonchura).
● ex “Rice Oriole” of Latham 1782 (Molothrus).

Oryzivora
(syn. Lonchura Ϯ Java Sparrow L. oryzivora) Specific name Loxia oryzivora Linnaeus, 1758; "Genus PADDA, Reichenbach (1850)  ORYZORNIS, Cabanis, Cat. B. Mus. Heine, p. 174 (1851).  ORYZIVORA, Blyth, Indian Ornith. MS. (1855)" (Horsfield & Moore 1858).   Var. Oriziviora.