Gray Warbler-Finch

SCI Name:  Certhidea fusca
Protonym:  Certhidea fusca Proc.Zool.Soc.London Part II, Meeting of May 12, 1870 p. 324, fig. 1
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Thraupidae / Certhidea
Taxonomy Code:  grywaf1
Type Locality:  Abingdon and Bindloe, Galapagos Islands; type from Abingdon, fide Hellmayr, 1938, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 11, p. 143.
Author:  Sclater & Salvin
Publish Year:  1870
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CERTHIDEA
(Thraupidae; Ϯ Green Warbler-finch C. olivacea) Dim. < genus Certhia Linnaeus, 1758, treecreeper; “CERTHIDEA (subgenus).   CERTHIDEA differt a genere Geospiza rostro graciliore et acutiore; naribus basalibus et non tectis; mandibulæ superioris margine recto; tarsis longioribus et gracilioribus.   CERTHIDEA OLIVACEA.   ...   Of the groups here characterized, Geospiza, Camarhynchus, and Cactornis, belong to one type; but with regard to Certhidea, Mr. Gould remarked that although he confidently believed that it should also be referred to the same group as the three former, yet in its slighter form and weaker bill it has so much the appearance of a member of the Sylviadae, that he would by no means insist upon the above view being adopted until the matter shall have been more fully investigated.” (Gould 1837); "Certhidea Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 5, p. 7, Oct. 3, 1837—type, by monotypy, Certhidea olivacea Gould." (Hellmayr, 1938, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. XI, p. 142) (see Geospiza).
Var. Certhidia.

fusca
L. fuscus  dusky, black, brown. Despite its classical meaning this epithet is used in ornithology to indicate a very wide spectrum of colours from black, grey and brown to a range of dark tints including slate-blue and dusky-orange (see also fuscus).
● ex “Héron brun de Cayenne” (= ☼) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 858, and “Héron brun” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (syn. Agamia agami).
● ex “Gobe-mouche brun de la Martinique” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 568, fig. 2 (Allenia).
● ex “Brown Sandpiper” of Pennant 1768, and Latham 1787 (syn. Calidris minuta).
● ex “Brown Tern” of Latham 1785 (syn. Chlidonias niger).
● ex “Promérops de la nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 638, “Promérops brun à ventre rayé” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Promérops brun de la nouvelle Guinée” of Sonnerat 1776, and “New Guinea brown Promerops” of Latham 1782 (syn. Epimachus fastuosus).
● ex “White-breasted Barbet” of Latham 1782 (Malacoptila).
● "61. ANAS.  ...  fusca.  5. A. nigricans, macula pone oculos lineaque alarum albis.  Anas corpore obscuro, macula alba pone oculos, lineaque alba. Fn. svec. 106. It. gotl. 215. 271.  Anas fera fusca. Jonst. av. t. 44.  Anas niger. Will. orn. 278. t. 10. Raj. av. 141.  Habitat in oceano Europæo.  Mas ad basin rostri gibbositate notatus." (Linnaeus 1758) (Melanitta).
● ex “Martin-pêcheur de la Nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 663 (= ♀), and “Great Brown Kingsfisher” of Latham 1782 (syn. Melidora macrorrhina).
● ex “Tangara brun d’Amérique” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 155, fig. 2 (syn. Paroaria gularis).
● ex “Coot-footed Tringa” of Edwards 1743-1751, “Phalaropus fuscus” of Brisson 1760, and “Brown Phalarope” of Pennant 1785, and Latham 1785 (syn. Phalaropus lobatus).
● ex “Brown Creeper from the South Seas” of Latham 1782 (syn. Phylidonyris undulata).
● ex “Golondrina parda” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 301 (subsp. Progne tapera).
● ex "Figuier étranger" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 58, fig. 3 (Setophaga).
● ex “Bouveron” of de Buffon 1770-1783: “J’appelle ainsi cet oiseau ... parce qu’il me paroît faire la nuance entre les bouvreuils [bullfinches] d’Europe et les bec-ronds [seedeaters] d’Amérique” (syn. Sporophila lineola).
● ex “Barge brune” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 875 (syn. Tringa erythropus).
● ex “Rasle brun des Philippines” of Brisson 1760 (Zapornia).
● ex “Tourterelle de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 175 (syn. Zenaida macroura carolinensis).
● "96. LOXIA.  ...  fusca.  25. L. fusca, subtus albida, remigibus a tertia ad nonam basi omnino albis. Chin. Lagerstr. 19.  Habitat in Benghala." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.).
● ex “Figuier brun-olive” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Olive-brown Warbler” of Latham 1783, and Pennant 1785 (unident.).
● ex “Gobe-mouche brun de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 574, fig. 1 (unident.; has been linked with Cnemotriccus fuscatus and with Contopus cinereus).

SUBSPECIES

Gray Warbler-Finch (becki)
SCI Name: Certhidea fusca becki
becki
Rollo Howard Beck (1870-1950) US field ornithologist, collector in California, the Galápagos Is., South Pacific and New Guinea, leader of the Whitney South Sea Expedition (syn. Ammospiza nelsoni, syn. Athene cunicularia hypugaea, subsp. Certhidea fusca, subsp. Collocalia esculenta, subsp. Dicaeum aeneum, subsp. Microptilotis orientalis, subsp. Petroica pusilla, subsp. Phylloscopus poliocephalus, Pseudobulweria, subsp. Turdus poliocephalus).

Gray Warbler-Finch (mentalis)
SCI Name: Certhidea fusca mentalis
mentale / mentalis
Mod. L. mentalis  pertaining to the chin  < French mental of the chin  < L. mentum  chin (cf. Late L. mentalis  of the mind  < L. mens, mentis  mind).
● ex “Langrayen de Viti” of Hombron & Jacquinot 1843 (Artamus).

Gray Warbler-Finch (fusca)
SCI Name: Certhidea fusca fusca
fusca
L. fuscus  dusky, black, brown. Despite its classical meaning this epithet is used in ornithology to indicate a very wide spectrum of colours from black, grey and brown to a range of dark tints including slate-blue and dusky-orange (see also fuscus).
● ex “Héron brun de Cayenne” (= ☼) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 858, and “Héron brun” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (syn. Agamia agami).
● ex “Gobe-mouche brun de la Martinique” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 568, fig. 2 (Allenia).
● ex “Brown Sandpiper” of Pennant 1768, and Latham 1787 (syn. Calidris minuta).
● ex “Brown Tern” of Latham 1785 (syn. Chlidonias niger).
● ex “Promérops de la nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 638, “Promérops brun à ventre rayé” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Promérops brun de la nouvelle Guinée” of Sonnerat 1776, and “New Guinea brown Promerops” of Latham 1782 (syn. Epimachus fastuosus).
● ex “White-breasted Barbet” of Latham 1782 (Malacoptila).
● "61. ANAS.  ...  fusca.  5. A. nigricans, macula pone oculos lineaque alarum albis.  Anas corpore obscuro, macula alba pone oculos, lineaque alba. Fn. svec. 106. It. gotl. 215. 271.  Anas fera fusca. Jonst. av. t. 44.  Anas niger. Will. orn. 278. t. 10. Raj. av. 141.  Habitat in oceano Europæo.  Mas ad basin rostri gibbositate notatus." (Linnaeus 1758) (Melanitta).
● ex “Martin-pêcheur de la Nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 663 (= ♀), and “Great Brown Kingsfisher” of Latham 1782 (syn. Melidora macrorrhina).
● ex “Tangara brun d’Amérique” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 155, fig. 2 (syn. Paroaria gularis).
● ex “Coot-footed Tringa” of Edwards 1743-1751, “Phalaropus fuscus” of Brisson 1760, and “Brown Phalarope” of Pennant 1785, and Latham 1785 (syn. Phalaropus lobatus).
● ex “Brown Creeper from the South Seas” of Latham 1782 (syn. Phylidonyris undulata).
● ex “Golondrina parda” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 301 (subsp. Progne tapera).
● ex "Figuier étranger" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 58, fig. 3 (Setophaga).
● ex “Bouveron” of de Buffon 1770-1783: “J’appelle ainsi cet oiseau ... parce qu’il me paroît faire la nuance entre les bouvreuils [bullfinches] d’Europe et les bec-ronds [seedeaters] d’Amérique” (syn. Sporophila lineola).
● ex “Barge brune” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 875 (syn. Tringa erythropus).
● ex “Rasle brun des Philippines” of Brisson 1760 (Zapornia).
● ex “Tourterelle de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 175 (syn. Zenaida macroura carolinensis).
● "96. LOXIA.  ...  fusca.  25. L. fusca, subtus albida, remigibus a tertia ad nonam basi omnino albis. Chin. Lagerstr. 19.  Habitat in Benghala." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.).
● ex “Figuier brun-olive” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Olive-brown Warbler” of Latham 1783, and Pennant 1785 (unident.).
● ex “Gobe-mouche brun de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 574, fig. 1 (unident.; has been linked with Cnemotriccus fuscatus and with Contopus cinereus).

Gray Warbler-Finch (luteola)
SCI Name: Certhidea fusca luteola
luteola
L. luteolus  yellowish  < luteus  saffron-yellow  < lutum  saffron (cf. Late Med. L. luteola  bird mentioned by Turner 1544, which he associated with the Siskin, but which was questionably linked with the Willow Warbler by Ray 1713).
● ex “Nectarinia luteola” Lichtenstein MS (subsp. Coereba flaveola).
● "109.  MOTACILLA Luteola.  ...  Chryso-bronchites albicilla montanus Tungusicus, vel Chryso-phaeo-bronchites albicilla, Messerschmid. ornith. MS. VI. 1138. 176.   Gilt throat Warbler, Latham. syn. IV. p. 459. n. 61." (Pallas 1831) (syn. Ficedula albicilla).

Gray Warbler-Finch (bifasciata)
SCI Name: Certhidea fusca bifasciata
bifasciata / bifasciatus
Mod. L. bifasciatus  bifasciated, two-barred  < L. bi-  two  < bis  twice; Late L. fasciatus  banded  < L. fascia  band.
● ex “Soui-manga vert et brun” of Audebert & Vieillot 1802 (Cinnyris).

Gray Warbler-Finch (cinerascens)
SCI Name: Certhidea fusca cinerascens
cinerascens
Late L. cinerescens, cinerescentis  ashen  < cinerescere  to turn to ashes  < L. cinis, cineris  ashes.
● ex “Mésange Grisette” of Levaillant 1803, pl. 138 (Melaniparus).

Gray Warbler-Finch (ridgwayi)
SCI Name: Certhidea fusca ridgwayi
ridgway / ridgwayi
Robert Ridgway (1850-1929) US ornithologist, Smithsonian Curator of Birds 1880-1929 (Aegolius, syn. Amazona leucocephala, subsp. Anous stolidus, Antrostomus, subsp. Arremonops rufivirgatus, Baeolophus, syn. Basileuterus culicivorus, Buteo, subsp. Buteogallus urubitinga, subsp. Camptostoma imberbe, subsp. Certhidea fusca, subsp. Chasiempis sandwichensis, subsp. Cochlearius cochlearius, subsp. Colinus virginianus, Cotinga, subsp. Cyanocitta stelleri, subsp. Dendrocincla fuliginosa, syn. Dendrocolaptes certhia concolor, syn. Dryobates scalaris parvus, subsp. Fregata minor, subsp. Geothlypis poliocephala, Glaucidium, subsp. Icterus icterus, subsp. Jacamerops aureus, subsp. Lagopus muta, subsp. Leiothlypis ruficapilla (ex Helmithophaga ruficapilla gutturalis Ridgway, 1874), subsp. Loxigilla noctis, syn. Megascops trichopsis, subsp. Myiobius atricaudus, Nesotriccus, subsp. Pandion haliaetus, syn. Passerella iliaca insularis, subsp. Pheugopedius coraya, Plegadis, subsp. Psarocolius wagleri, subsp. Scardafella squammata, Stelgidopteryx, Thalurania, subsp. Thryorchilus browni, subsp. Xenops genibarbis).