Glittering-throated Emerald

SCI Name:  Amazilia fimbriata
Protonym:  Trochilus fimbriatus Syst.Nat. 1 pt1 p.493
Taxonomy:  Caprimulgiformes / Trochilidae / Amazilia
Taxonomy Code:  glteme1
Type Locality:  Cayenne.
Author:  Gmelin, JF
Publish Year:  1788
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

AMAZILIA
(Trochilidae; Ϯ Cinnamon Hummingbird A. rutila) Specific name Ornismya amazilia Lesson, 1828 (see amazilia); "Race: Les AMAZILIS, amazilia, Less.  — (pl. 73.) L'ois. mouche lumachelle: Ornysmia lumachella, Less., rev. zool. p. 315. Hab.: Bahia.   — (pl. 74.) L'ois. mouche beau: Ornysmia eximia, Delattre, écho, 1813, Hab.: Guatimala.   — (pl. 75) L'ois. mouche canelle: Ornysmia cinnamomea, Less., rev. zoolog., 1842, p. 175; Orn. rufula, Delattre, écho, 1843. Hab: Acapulco, Guatimala.     (pl. 76) L'ois. m. Clarisse: Ornysmia clarisse, Longuemare, rev. zool., 1841, p. 306. H. Santa-Fe-de-Bogota." (Lesson 1843); "Amazilia Lesson, Écho du Monde Sav., 1843, col. 757. Type, by subsequent designation, Ornismya cinnamomea Lesson = Ornismia rutila DeLattre. (Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philas., 1918, p. 256.)" (Peters 1945, V, p. 61).  I have elsewhere suggested that the substantive name Amazili be given to the hummingbirds of this genus.  
Var. Amazillia.   
Synon. Agyrtria, Albanora, Amazilicus, Amazilina, Amazilius, Amizilis, Arena, Arenella, Ariadne, Ariana, Chionogaster, Chionomesa, Cyanomyia, Elliotia, Eranna, Eratina, Eratopis, Erythronota, Eucephala, Hemistilbon, Hemithylaca, Hypochionis, Leucodora, Lisoria, Myletes, Polyerata, Pyrrhophaena, Saucerottia, Uranomitra.

amazilia
Amazili, an Inca heroine in Jean Marmontel’s novel (1777) “Les Incas, ou la destruction de l’Empire du Pérou” (Amazilia (“le nom de cette espèce rappellera à l’imagination de nos lecteurs une des héroïnes célébrées par Marmontel dans ses Incas, et en même temps les lieux où elle vit” (Lesson 1830), subsp. Columbina minuta).

fimbriata / fimbriatum / fimbriatus
L. fimbriatus  fringed  < fimbriae  fringe, border.
• "66.  TROCHILUS.   ...       fimbriatus.  45. Tr. viridi-aureus, subtus griseus, cauda chalybea apice grisea, pectoris pennis albo fimbriatis.   Mellisuga cayennensis gutture naevio. Briss. av. 3. p. 706, n. 7. t. 36. f. 2.   Oiseau-mouche à gorge tachetée. Buff. hist. nat. des ois. 6. p. 31.   Oiseau-mouche tacheté de Cayenne. Buff. planch. enlum. n. 276. f. 2.   Spotted-necked Humming-bird. Lath. syn. I. 2. p. 772. n. 36." (J. Gmelin 1788) (Amazilia).
• "Anas fimbriata.  Gesäumte Ente.  So nenne ich Azara's Canard à bec rouge et plombé.  ...  Wangen und Kehle sind weiß, die Schultern und Steißfedern schwarz, mit fuchsrothem Rande  ...  die Ruderfedern weißlich, mit fuchsrother Einfassung" (Merrem 1841) (syn. Anas bahamensis rubrirostris).
• "Buarremon fimbriatus, new species    SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. —Resembling Buarremon torquatus (d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye) but back paler; tail olive-greenish, as in B. phygas of northeastern Venezuela; white superciliary stripe reaching the base of the bill; breast-band conspicuously margined with white or whitish; flanks and under tail-coverts paler; wings and tail averaging longer; bill shorter." (Chapman 1923) (subsp. Arremon torquatus).
• "The weather proving uncomfortably wet gave us little chance of meeting with any variety of birds; we were fortunate enough however to fall in with some rare and uncommon cockatoos, one of which Mr. Barreillier shot, and a faithful representation of it will be found in the annexed Plate, after a design from the elegant pencil of Major-General Davies, of the Royal Artillery, to whom Governor King presented the preserved specimen.   ...   [plate] PSITTACUS FIMBRIATUS  FRINGE CRESTED COCKATOO.  From New South Wales in the Museum of Major General Davies, to whom this plate is respectfully inscribed by James Grant. Lieutenant Royal Navy." (J. Grant 1803) (Callocephalon).
• " ÉCHENILLEUR FRANGÉ.   CEBLEPHYRIS FIMBRIATUS.  TEMM.   ...    La femelle adulte  ...  les joues, et généralement toutes les parties inférieures, sont rayées de zigzags blancs, noirâtres et cendrés  ...  Nous avons figuré, pl. 250, une femelle un peu plus jeune  ...  toutes les pennes des ailes sont lisérées de blanc ou de cendré-clair; on voit des zigzags sur l'extrémité blanche des pennes caudales" (Temminck 1824) (Lalage).
• "Matacilla [sic] fimbriata, the gauze-tailed warbler.  This small species, which is about the size of a wren, inhabits the island of Java; at least it was sent from that place to M. Temminck of Amsterdam, and from him to Mons. Vaillant.  The most remarkable thing in this species is the manner in which the tail-quills are barbed; the feathers are so thinly scattered along the quills, as to have the appearance at first sight of their having been stripped; but upon examination they are so regular, that there is no doubt but the "fringe or gauze tail" is the specific character.  ...  The tail is longer than the body; the quills are almost black for half their length; the remainder and the barbs are of a red brown; the tail is so transparent, from the feathers being so thinly sown, that when laid upon paper you may read through it as through a piece of the finest gauze." (Wilkes 1817) (?syn. Stipiturus malachurus).

SUBSPECIES

Glittering-throated Emerald (elegantissima)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata elegantissima
elegantissima / elegantissimus
L. elegantissima  very fine  < super. elegans, elegantis  fine  < elegere probably an early form of eligere  to select.

Glittering-throated Emerald (distans)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata distans
distans
L. distans, distantis  distant, separate, standing apart  < distare  to be apart  < di-  apart; stare  to stand.

Glittering-throated Emerald (fimbriata)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata fimbriata
fimbriata / fimbriatum / fimbriatus
L. fimbriatus  fringed  < fimbriae  fringe, border.
• "66.  TROCHILUS.   ...       fimbriatus.  45. Tr. viridi-aureus, subtus griseus, cauda chalybea apice grisea, pectoris pennis albo fimbriatis.   Mellisuga cayennensis gutture naevio. Briss. av. 3. p. 706, n. 7. t. 36. f. 2.   Oiseau-mouche à gorge tachetée. Buff. hist. nat. des ois. 6. p. 31.   Oiseau-mouche tacheté de Cayenne. Buff. planch. enlum. n. 276. f. 2.   Spotted-necked Humming-bird. Lath. syn. I. 2. p. 772. n. 36." (J. Gmelin 1788) (Amazilia).
• "Anas fimbriata.  Gesäumte Ente.  So nenne ich Azara's Canard à bec rouge et plombé.  ...  Wangen und Kehle sind weiß, die Schultern und Steißfedern schwarz, mit fuchsrothem Rande  ...  die Ruderfedern weißlich, mit fuchsrother Einfassung" (Merrem 1841) (syn. Anas bahamensis rubrirostris).
• "Buarremon fimbriatus, new species    SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. —Resembling Buarremon torquatus (d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye) but back paler; tail olive-greenish, as in B. phygas of northeastern Venezuela; white superciliary stripe reaching the base of the bill; breast-band conspicuously margined with white or whitish; flanks and under tail-coverts paler; wings and tail averaging longer; bill shorter." (Chapman 1923) (subsp. Arremon torquatus).
• "The weather proving uncomfortably wet gave us little chance of meeting with any variety of birds; we were fortunate enough however to fall in with some rare and uncommon cockatoos, one of which Mr. Barreillier shot, and a faithful representation of it will be found in the annexed Plate, after a design from the elegant pencil of Major-General Davies, of the Royal Artillery, to whom Governor King presented the preserved specimen.   ...   [plate] PSITTACUS FIMBRIATUS  FRINGE CRESTED COCKATOO.  From New South Wales in the Museum of Major General Davies, to whom this plate is respectfully inscribed by James Grant. Lieutenant Royal Navy." (J. Grant 1803) (Callocephalon).
• " ÉCHENILLEUR FRANGÉ.   CEBLEPHYRIS FIMBRIATUS.  TEMM.   ...    La femelle adulte  ...  les joues, et généralement toutes les parties inférieures, sont rayées de zigzags blancs, noirâtres et cendrés  ...  Nous avons figuré, pl. 250, une femelle un peu plus jeune  ...  toutes les pennes des ailes sont lisérées de blanc ou de cendré-clair; on voit des zigzags sur l'extrémité blanche des pennes caudales" (Temminck 1824) (Lalage).
• "Matacilla [sic] fimbriata, the gauze-tailed warbler.  This small species, which is about the size of a wren, inhabits the island of Java; at least it was sent from that place to M. Temminck of Amsterdam, and from him to Mons. Vaillant.  The most remarkable thing in this species is the manner in which the tail-quills are barbed; the feathers are so thinly scattered along the quills, as to have the appearance at first sight of their having been stripped; but upon examination they are so regular, that there is no doubt but the "fringe or gauze tail" is the specific character.  ...  The tail is longer than the body; the quills are almost black for half their length; the remainder and the barbs are of a red brown; the tail is so transparent, from the feathers being so thinly sown, that when laid upon paper you may read through it as through a piece of the finest gauze." (Wilkes 1817) (?syn. Stipiturus malachurus).

Glittering-throated Emerald (apicalis)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata apicalis
apicalis
Mod. L. apicalis  apical, of the tip  < L. apex, apicis  point, extremity.
● "ACANTHIZA APICALIS.  ...  Distinguished from A. Diemenensis, A. pusilla, and A. Ewingii, to all of which it is nearly allied, by its large size, by its larger and rounder tail, by the broad and distinct band of black which crosses the tail-feathers near their extremities, and by their being largely tipped with white." (Gould 1847) (Acanthiza).
● "MOHO APICALIS  ...  I avail myself of the opportunity of characterizing the species, and have assigned to it the name of apicalis, from the circumstance of all but the two middle tail-feathers being tipped with white" (Gould 1861) (‡Moho).
● "MYIARCHUS APICALIS  ...  caudæ nigricantis rectricis externæ pogonio externo et ceterarum apicibus latis flavido-albicantibus" (P. Sclater & Salvin 1881) (Myiarchus). 

Glittering-throated Emerald (fluviatilis)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata fluviatilis
fluviatilis
L. fluviatilis  riverine, of a river  < fluvius, fluvii  river  < fluere  to flow.
● ex “Grèbe de rivière”, “Castagneaux” or “Colymbus fluviatilis” of Brisson 1760, and “Dob-chick” of Pennant 1766 (syn. Tachybaptus ruficollis).

Glittering-throated Emerald (laeta)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata laeta
laeta
L. laetus  bright, joyful.
● Benevides, Para, Brazil (< Portuguese bem  good; vide  to see  < L. bene  good; videre  to see) (Cercomacroides).

Glittering-throated Emerald (nigricauda)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata nigricauda
nigricauda
L. niger black; cauda tail.

Glittering-throated Emerald (tephrocephala)
SCI Name: Amazilia fimbriata tephrocephala
tephrocephala / tephrocephalus
Gr. τεφρος tephros  ash-coloured  < τεφρα tephra  ashes; -κεφαλος -kephalos  -headed  < κεφαλη kephalē  head.