Fork-tailed Flycatcher

SCI Name:  Tyrannus savana
Protonym:  Tyrannus savana Hist.Nat.[Buffon]ed.Didot 14 p.319
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Tyrannidae / Tyrannus
Taxonomy Code:  fotfly
Type Locality:  
Author:  Daudin
Publish Year:  1802
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

TYRANNUS
(Tyrannidae; Ϯ Eastern Kingbird T. tyrannus) Based on "Le Tyran.    Tyrannus" of Brisson 1760: "Tandis que la femelle couve, le mâle chasse d'auprès de son nid tous les Oiseaux; même les Faucons & les Aigles." (see tyrannus ●); "NEUVIÈME ORDRE.  Bec échancré.   24. PIE-GRIÈCHE. Lanius.   ...   25.TYRAN. Tyrannus. {Le bec long, droit, et garni de soies à sa base.    26. GOBE-MOUCHE. Muscicapa.   ...   27. MOUCHEROLLE. Muscivora" (de Lacépède 1799); "Tyrannus Lacepède, 1799, Tabl. Méth. Mamm. Ois., p. 5. Type, by tautonymy, Lanius tyrannus Linnaeus." (Traylor in Peters 1979, VIII, 221). The tyrants, pittas, broadbills and their allies form a very distinct group and should, perhaps, be separated from other passerines in a new order Subosciniformes.
Var. Tirannus, Tiranus, Tryannus.
Synon. Despotes, Dioctes, Drymonax, Laphyctes, Melittarchus, Milvulus, Muscivora, Myiocapta, Satellus, Semnarchus, Tolmarchus.

tyrannus
L. tyrannus  tyrant  < Gr. τυραννος turannos  tyrant.
● ex “Tyran à queue fourchue” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Tyrannus savana).
● “The courage of this little bird is singular. He pursues and puts to flight all kinds of birds that come near his station, from the smallest to the largest, none escaping his fury” (Catesby 1731); "43. LANIUS.  ...  Tyrannus.  4. L. vertice nigro: stria longitudinali fulva.  Muscicapa corona rubra. Catesb. car. I. p. 55. t. 55.  Pica americana cristata. Frisch. av. 4. t. 62.  Habitat in America septentrionali.  Color obscure cinereus, abdomine albo." (Linnaeus 1758)  (Tyrannus).

savana
French “Savana,” the name given to the Fork-tailed Flycatcher by de Buffon 1770-1783: “comme il se tient toujours dans les savanes noyées, le nom de savana nous a paru lui convenir” (Tyrannus).

SUBSPECIES

Fork-tailed Flycatcher (savana)
SCI Name: Tyrannus savana savana
savana
French “Savana,” the name given to the Fork-tailed Flycatcher by de Buffon 1770-1783: “comme il se tient toujours dans les savanes noyées, le nom de savana nous a paru lui convenir” (Tyrannus).

Fork-tailed Flycatcher (monachus)
SCI Name: Tyrannus savana monachus
monachus
Late L. monachus monk (e.g. hooded, black-capped) < Gr. μοναχος monakhos monk < μονος monos solitary < μοναχοω monakhoō to make single.
● ex “Crested or Coped Black Vulture. Vultur cristatus niger” of Edwards 1760, and “Vultur arabicus” of Brisson 1760 (Aegypius).
● the "Coucoua capucin" of Lesson 1830: "plumage ferrugineux" (syn. Coccycua minuta).
● ex “Perruche à poitrine grise” of d’Aubenton 17765-1781, pl. 768, “Perruche-Souris” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Grey-breasted Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (Myiopsitta).

Fork-tailed Flycatcher (sanctaemartae)
SCI Name: Tyrannus savana sanctaemartae
sanctaemartae / sanctaemarthae / santaemarthae
Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia  < Late L. sanctus  saint  < L. sanctus  holy  < sancire  to consecrate; Mod. L. Marta  Marta, Martha.

Fork-tailed Flycatcher (circumdatus)
SCI Name: Tyrannus savana circumdatus
circumdatus
L. circumdatus surrounded < circumdare to surround.