Eastern Towhee / Pipilo erythrophthalmus
Eastern Towhee
SCI Name:
Protonym: Fringilla erythrophthalma Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.180
Taxonomy: Passeriformes / Passerellidae / Pipilo
Taxonomy Code: eastow
Type Locality: South Carolina.
Author: Linnaeus
Publish Year: 1758
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
PIPILO
(Passerellidae; Ϯ Eastern Towhee P. erythrophthalmus) L. pipilo I chirp < pipilare to chirp, to peep < pipare to chirp (see Cumana); "68. TOUIT, Pipilo. Emberiza, Linn. Gm. Lath. Bec épais à la base, robuste, convexe en dessus, échancré et courbé à la pointe; mandibule supérieure couvrant les bords de l'inférieure qui sont fléchis en dedans. — Ailes courtes. Esp. Pinson aux yeux rouges, Buff." (Vieillot 1816); "Pipilo Vieillot, 1816, Analyse, p. 32. Type, by monotypy, "Pinson aux yeux rouges" of Buffon = Fringilla erythrophthalma Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters 1970, XIII, 168).
Var. Pipillo.
Synon. Chamaeospiza, Chlorura, Hortulanus, Oberholseria, Oreospiza.
erythrophtalma / erythrophtalmus / erythrophthalma / erythrophthalmos / erythrophthalmus
Gr. ερυθρος eruthros red; οφθαλμος ophthalmos eye.
● "98. FRINGILLA. ... erythrophthalma. 8. F. nigra rubro relucens, abdomine rufescente, macula alarum alba. P. niger, oculis rubris. Catesb. car. I. p. 34. t. 34. Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pipilo).
SUBSPECIES
Eastern Towhee (Red-eyed)
SCI Name: Pipilo erythrophthalmus erythrophthalmus/canaster
PIPILO
(Passerellidae; Ϯ Eastern Towhee P. erythrophthalmus) L. pipilo I chirp < pipilare to chirp, to peep < pipare to chirp (see Cumana); "68. TOUIT, Pipilo. Emberiza, Linn. Gm. Lath. Bec épais à la base, robuste, convexe en dessus, échancré et courbé à la pointe; mandibule supérieure couvrant les bords de l'inférieure qui sont fléchis en dedans. — Ailes courtes. Esp. Pinson aux yeux rouges, Buff." (Vieillot 1816); "Pipilo Vieillot, 1816, Analyse, p. 32. Type, by monotypy, "Pinson aux yeux rouges" of Buffon = Fringilla erythrophthalma Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters 1970, XIII, 168).
Var. Pipillo.
Synon. Chamaeospiza, Chlorura, Hortulanus, Oberholseria, Oreospiza.
Eastern Towhee (White-eyed)
SCI Name: Pipilo erythrophthalmus alleni/rileyi
PIPILO
(Passerellidae; Ϯ Eastern Towhee P. erythrophthalmus) L. pipilo I chirp < pipilare to chirp, to peep < pipare to chirp (see Cumana); "68. TOUIT, Pipilo. Emberiza, Linn. Gm. Lath. Bec épais à la base, robuste, convexe en dessus, échancré et courbé à la pointe; mandibule supérieure couvrant les bords de l'inférieure qui sont fléchis en dedans. — Ailes courtes. Esp. Pinson aux yeux rouges, Buff." (Vieillot 1816); "Pipilo Vieillot, 1816, Analyse, p. 32. Type, by monotypy, "Pinson aux yeux rouges" of Buffon = Fringilla erythrophthalma Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters 1970, XIII, 168).
Var. Pipillo.
Synon. Chamaeospiza, Chlorura, Hortulanus, Oberholseria, Oreospiza.
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)