Chestnut-winged Chachalaca

SCI Name:  Ortalis garrula
Protonym:  Phasianus garrulus Rec.Obs.Zool.Anat.Comp. p.4
Taxonomy:  Galliformes / Cracidae / Ortalis
Taxonomy Code:  chwcha1
Type Locality:  'riviere de la Madeleine, dans la province de Caracas et dans la Nouvelle-Andalousie'' = Magdalena River, Colombia.
Author:  von Humboldt
Publish Year:  1805
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ORTALIS
(Cracidae; Ϯ Little Chachalaca O. motmot) Gr. ορταλις ortalis, ορταλιδος ortalidos  chicken; "In the year 1786 Blasius Merrem published his 'Avium rariorum et minus cognitarum icones et descriptiones collectæ e germanicis latinaæ factæ;' and under his account of his Penelope jacupema, of which he quotes "Alector brasilianus, Klein, Hist. Av. pag. 112," as a synonym, he proposes in the following words a subdivision of this genus Alector: — "Quod genus, cum multas sane species comprehendat, in plures phalanges dividendum videtur, quarum primam cum Linnæo atque Brissonio Cracem, eam, ad quam nostra pertinet species, Penelopen, tertiam, ad quam Phasianus Motmot et similes ei referendæ sunt aves, Ortalida appello." (Fasc. ii. p. 40.)  How any one can have read this passage and not seen that "Ortalida" was the accusative case governed by "ap, pello" is indeed a marvel; but the fact remains that, to this day, "Ortalida" is constantly used as the name of a genus  ...  It is true that the accurate Gloger, in his 'Gemeinnütz. Hand- u. Hilfsbuch der Naturgeschichte' (Breslau, 1842), p. 373, uses the name "Ortalis" as if no one could have ever thought of any other form for the nominative case.  Whoever first adopted Merrem's name, evidently copied it hastily from the Latin; and his oversight seems never yet to have been seriously noticed. But there is no doubt that Merrem had in mind the classical Greek word ορταλις, which mainly corresponds to the Latin pullus and to our "chicken," a Bœotian word (probably akin to ορνις) which, say Liddell and Scott (1869), passed into general poetic use. Hence it is clear that, whenever the name is used, the genus should be called ORTALIS, as the only nominative form of the feminine noun." (Wharton 1879); "Ortalida (accusative case) = Ortalis (nominative) Merrem, Avium rar. Icon. et Descr., fasc. 2, 1786, p. 40. Type, by original designation Phasianus motmot Linné." (Peters 1934, II, 16).
Var. Ortalida, Oztalida, Ortaldia.
Synon. Peneloides, Penelops, Penelopsis.

garrula
L. garrulus babbling, chattering  < garrire  to babble.
● ex “Caqueteuse” of Levaillant 1802, pl. 121, fig. 1 (syn. Bradypterus baboecala).

GARRULUS
(Corvidae; † Eurasian Jay G. glandarius) Late Med. L. garrulus  jay  < L. garrulus  chattering, babbling, garrulous  < garrire  to chatter; "{Plumis basis rostri antrorsum incumbentibus, naresque tegentibus  ...  { Rostro recto: {Mandibulis æqualibus . . . . Garrulus. Genus 16.   ...   **1. LE GEAY ...  GARRULUS." (Brisson 1760): based on "Pica glandaria" or "Garrulus" of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599-1603, Schwenckfeld 1603, and many other authors; "Garrulus Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 1, p. 30 [; 2, p. 46].  Type, by tautonymy, "Garrulus," ibid., 2, p. 47 = Corvus glandarius Linnaeus." (Vaurie in Peters, 1962, XV, p. 228). Some of the subspecies of the widespread and noisy Eurasian Jay are morphologically distinctive, and have been treated as species (e.g. cervicalis, atricapillus, hyrcanus, brandti, japonicus).
Var. Garrulas, Garrula.
Synon. Balanephagus, Calocitta, Cractes, Glandarius, Laletris, Lalocitta.
• (Bombycillidae; syn. Bombycilla † Bohemian Waxwing B. garrulus) Specific name Lanius garrulus Linnaeus, 1758; "Néanmoins cette dernière dénomination générique [Bombycivora] ne paroît pas plus convenir que celle de bombycilla pour désigner un oiseau plutôt baccivore qu'entomophage, et les épithètes garrula et cedrorum ne sont également pas des expressions propres et exclusives pour les espèces, puisque vu l'uniformité du gazouillement, la première est applicable à toutes deux, et que, d'après son genre de vie, l'espèce européenne doit rechercher les cèdres comme l'espèce américaine. Il sembloit donc plus naturel, en adoptant deux espèces, de choisir pour terme générique le mot garrulus, et, pour les espèces, les épithètes, europæus ou major, et americanus ou minor" (Dumont 1822); "Garrulus Dumont, 1822, Dict. Sci. Nat., XXIV, p. 184.  New name for Bombycilla Vieillot, 1808, and Bombycivora Temminck, 1813, both considered unsuitable and misleading." (JAJ 2021).