Bull-headed Shrike

SCI Name:  Lanius bucephalus
Protonym:  Lanius bucephalus FaunaJap.Aves[Siebold] p.39 pl.14
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Laniidae / Lanius
Taxonomy Code:  buhshr1
Type Locality:  Japan.
Author:  Temminck & Schlegel
Publish Year:  1845
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

LANIUS
(Laniidae; Ϯ Great Grey Shrike L. excubitor) L. lanius  butcher  < laniare  to tear to pieces. The shrikes were formerly known as ‘butcher-birds,’ from their habit of storing prey by impaling it on thorns and sharp twigs, giving the resemblance to a butcher’s shambles or slaughterhouse (Mod. L. Lanius (Ray 1713) shrike, butcher-bird); “I reject the compound-name of Butcher-Bird, and retain the old English name of Shrike, from the noise” (Pennant 1773). In nomenclature lanius is used in a variety of combinations for birds with stout, hooked or toothed bills or with the general appearance of a shrike; "43. LANIUS.  Rostrum rectiusculum, dente utrinque versus apicem, basi nudum.  Lingua lacera." (Linnaeus 1758); "Lanius Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1, p. 93. Type, by subsequent designation, Lanius excubitor Linnaeus (Swainson, 1824, Zool. Journ., 1 (1825), p. 294)." (Rand in Peters 1960, IX, 342). This is the fourth diagnosed genus in avian taxonomy. Linnaeus's Lanius comprised ten species (L. cristatus, L. Excubitor, L. Collurio, L. Tyrannus, L. Carnifex, L. Schach, L. Senator, L. cærulescens, L. jocosus, L. Garrulus).   
Var. Lanii, Larius.   
Synon. Caudolanius, Cephalophoneus, Collurio, Creurgus, Enneoctonus, Fiscus, Lanioides, Leucometopon, Neolanius, Neofiscus, Otomela, Phoneus.

lanius
L. lanius  butcher  < laniare  to tear to pieces.

bucephala / bucephalus
Gr. βουκεφαλος boukephalos  bull-headed, large-headed  < βους bous  bull; -κεφαλος -kephalos  -headed  < κεφαλη kephalē  head.
● “Buffel’s Head Duck  ...  these feathers make the head appear bigger than it is, which seems to have given it the name of buffel’s head, that animal’s head appearing very big by its being covered with very thick long hair” (Catesby 1731); "61. ANAS.  ...  bucephala.  19. A. albida, dorso remigibusque nigris, capite supra infraque tumido sericeo nitente.  Anas minor, purpureo capite. Catesb. car. I. p. 95. t. 95 [♂].  Habitat in aquis dulcibus Americæ septentrionalis." (Linnaeus 1758) (syn. Bucephala albeola).
● "1.) LA PIE GRIÈCHE BUCÉPHALE.  LANIUS BUCEPHALUS.   ...   La tête est assez grande et le bec assez fort et vigoureux pour la taille de l'oiseau." (Temminck & Schlegel 1847) (Lanius).

SUBSPECIES

Bull-headed Shrike (bucephalus)
SCI Name: Lanius bucephalus bucephalus
bucephala / bucephalus
Gr. βουκεφαλος boukephalos  bull-headed, large-headed  < βους bous  bull; -κεφαλος -kephalos  -headed  < κεφαλη kephalē  head.
● “Buffel’s Head Duck  ...  these feathers make the head appear bigger than it is, which seems to have given it the name of buffel’s head, that animal’s head appearing very big by its being covered with very thick long hair” (Catesby 1731); "61. ANAS.  ...  bucephala.  19. A. albida, dorso remigibusque nigris, capite supra infraque tumido sericeo nitente.  Anas minor, purpureo capite. Catesb. car. I. p. 95. t. 95 [♂].  Habitat in aquis dulcibus Americæ septentrionalis." (Linnaeus 1758) (syn. Bucephala albeola).
● "1.) LA PIE GRIÈCHE BUCÉPHALE.  LANIUS BUCEPHALUS.   ...   La tête est assez grande et le bec assez fort et vigoureux pour la taille de l'oiseau." (Temminck & Schlegel 1847) (Lanius).

Bull-headed Shrike (sicarius)
SCI Name: Lanius bucephalus sicarius
sicarius
L. sicarius  assassin, murderer  < sica  dagger  < secare  to cut.