Broad-billed Hummingbird

SCI Name:  Cynanthus latirostris
Protonym:  Cynanthus latirostris Philos.Mag.n.s. n.s., 1 p.441
Taxonomy:  Caprimulgiformes / Trochilidae / Cynanthus
Taxonomy Code:  brbhum
Type Locality:  Tableland of Mexico; probably does not occur there. Valley of Mexico near Mexico City, designated as type locality by Moore, antea, p. 59.
Author:  Swainson
Publish Year:  1827
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

CYNANTHUS
(Trochilidae; † Broad-billed Hummingbird C. latirostris) Gr. κυανος kuanos  dark-blue; ανθος anthos  blossom, flower (cf. "Cynanthus (!) Sws.   ...   Denn erstens hiesse das von κυων (Hund) und ανθος (Blume) gebildete Wort wörtlich übersetzt eine "Hundsblume" und wäre also wohl füglicher der Botanik zu überweisen" (Heine 1863));"G. CYNANTHUS. Swains. in Zool. Journ. No. 10.   96. Cynanthus latirostris.  Green, beneath bluish; chin and throat sapphire blue  ...  97. Cynanthus bifurcatus.  ...  98. Cynanthus minimus.  ...  99. Cynanthus Lucifer." (Swainson 1827 (June)); "Cynanthus Swainson, Philos. Mag. (n.s.), 1, June, 1827, p. 441. (Not Cynanthus Swainson, Zool. Journ., 3, Aug.-Nov., 1827, p. 357.)   Type, by subsequent designation, Cynanthus latirostris Swainson. (Stone, Auk, 24, 1907, p. 192)." (Peters, 1945, V, p. 42).
Var. Cyananthus.
Synon. Circe, Cyanolampis, Iache, Phaeoptila.
• (Trochilidae; syn. Aglaiocercus † Long-tailed Sylph A. kingi) "CYNANTHUS, Sw.  Bill cylindrical, more or less curved.  Tail forked.   C. forficatus. Auct." (Swainson 1837, Classif. Birds, II, 330); "This genus was first established by Swainson in 1827, Zool. Journ., p. 357, and contained species belonging to various genera, all of which he called types.  In 1837 (l.c.), he ejected the species from CYNANTHUS, which he had previously placed in it, and inserted T. forficatus, Linn., only, which now stands as the type of the genus." (Elliot 1879); "Cynanthus Swainson, 1837, Classif. Birds, II, p. 330).  Type, by monotypy, Cynanthus forficatus auct. = Trochilus forficatus Linnaeus, 1766 (not Linnaeus, 1758) =  Ornismya kingi Lesson, 1832." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Archilochus † Ruby-throated Hummingbird A. colubris) "CYNANTHUS. Rostrum rectum, vel sub-arcuatum. Cauda longissima, forficata.   Types.  1. T. colubris, L.   2. macrourus, L.   3. platurus, Sh.   4. bifurcatus, Sw. ined.   5. O. M. à queue singulaire. Temm., Pl. col. 18. f. 2.   Bill straight or very slightly curved. Tail very long, forked." (Swainson 1827 (Nov.)); "Cynanthus.  Rostro recto vel subarquato, caude longissime forficata.  Arten:  T. colubris L., T. macrourus, bifurcus Swains.  O. M. à queue singulière. col. 182." (Boie 1831, Isis von Oken, col. 547); "Cynanthus Swainson, 1827, Zool. Journal, III, p. 357.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 23), Trochilus colubris Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Lesbia † Black-tailed Trainbearer L. victoriae) "187.  Cynanthus Sw. p. (Lesbia, Less. - Mellisuga, p. Boie, Gr.)  America m.  6.   1. TROCHILUS forficatus, L.   ...   2. Cynanthus bifurcatus, Sw.   ...   3. TROCHILUS mocoa, Bourcier.   ...   4. TROCHILUS gouldi, Loddiges 1832 nec Less.   ...   5. TROCHILUS gracilis, Gould   ...   6. TROCHILUS victoriae, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846" (Bonaparte 1850); "Cynanthus Bonaparte, 1850, Conspectus Generum Avium, I (1), p. 81.  Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, Classif. Synop. Trochilidae, p. 145), Trochilus amaryllis Bourcier, 1848 = Trochilus victoriae Bourcier and Mulsant, 1846." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Patagona † Giant Hummingbird P. gigas) "LES CYNANTHES.   Cynanthus, Swainson.  ...  ESPÈCE 1re.  OISEAU-MOUCHE PATAGON.  Ornismya tristis, N. Pl. III (mâle).  ...  Patrie: Le Chili.   Oiseau-mouche géant, trochilus gigas, Vieillot, Gal. du Muséum, pl. 180" (Lesson 1829) (eleven other 'espèces' are listed); "Cynanthus Lesson, 1829, Hist. Nat. Oiseaux-Mouches, p. xi.  Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, p. 67), Trochilus gigas Vieillot, 1824." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Sappho † Red-tailed Comet S. sparganurus) "2. Subgen. Cynanthus Swains.  200.  3. Tr. chrysurus Cuv. Gal. Mus. Par. et Regn. Anim. I. p. 436.  Tr. spargurus Shaw Gen. Zool. of Birds p. 291. 11.  Ornismya Sapho Less. Man. Ornith. II. p. 83.  Orthorhynchus chrysurus d'Orb. de Lafres. Syn. l. c. p. 26.3." (von Tschudi 1844); "Cynanthus von Tschudi, 1844, Archiv für Naturg., X, p. 296.  Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, Classif. Synop. Trochilidae, p. 153), T. sparganurus Shaw, 1812." (JAJ 2020).

latirostra / latirostre / latirostris
L. latus  broad; -rostris  -billed  < rostrum  beak.
● ex “Canard du nord” or “Marchand” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 995 (syn. Melanitta perspicillata).

SUBSPECIES

Broad-billed Hummingbird (Northern)
SCI Name: Cynanthus latirostris [latirostris Group]
CYNANTHUS
(Trochilidae; † Broad-billed Hummingbird C. latirostris) Gr. κυανος kuanos  dark-blue; ανθος anthos  blossom, flower (cf. "Cynanthus (!) Sws.   ...   Denn erstens hiesse das von κυων (Hund) und ανθος (Blume) gebildete Wort wörtlich übersetzt eine "Hundsblume" und wäre also wohl füglicher der Botanik zu überweisen" (Heine 1863));"G. CYNANTHUS. Swains. in Zool. Journ. No. 10.   96. Cynanthus latirostris.  Green, beneath bluish; chin and throat sapphire blue  ...  97. Cynanthus bifurcatus.  ...  98. Cynanthus minimus.  ...  99. Cynanthus Lucifer." (Swainson 1827 (June)); "Cynanthus Swainson, Philos. Mag. (n.s.), 1, June, 1827, p. 441. (Not Cynanthus Swainson, Zool. Journ., 3, Aug.-Nov., 1827, p. 357.)   Type, by subsequent designation, Cynanthus latirostris Swainson. (Stone, Auk, 24, 1907, p. 192)." (Peters, 1945, V, p. 42).
Var. Cyananthus.
Synon. Circe, Cyanolampis, Iache, Phaeoptila.
• (Trochilidae; syn. Aglaiocercus † Long-tailed Sylph A. kingi) "CYNANTHUS, Sw.  Bill cylindrical, more or less curved.  Tail forked.   C. forficatus. Auct." (Swainson 1837, Classif. Birds, II, 330); "This genus was first established by Swainson in 1827, Zool. Journ., p. 357, and contained species belonging to various genera, all of which he called types.  In 1837 (l.c.), he ejected the species from CYNANTHUS, which he had previously placed in it, and inserted T. forficatus, Linn., only, which now stands as the type of the genus." (Elliot 1879); "Cynanthus Swainson, 1837, Classif. Birds, II, p. 330).  Type, by monotypy, Cynanthus forficatus auct. = Trochilus forficatus Linnaeus, 1766 (not Linnaeus, 1758) =  Ornismya kingi Lesson, 1832." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Archilochus † Ruby-throated Hummingbird A. colubris) "CYNANTHUS. Rostrum rectum, vel sub-arcuatum. Cauda longissima, forficata.   Types.  1. T. colubris, L.   2. macrourus, L.   3. platurus, Sh.   4. bifurcatus, Sw. ined.   5. O. M. à queue singulaire. Temm., Pl. col. 18. f. 2.   Bill straight or very slightly curved. Tail very long, forked." (Swainson 1827 (Nov.)); "Cynanthus.  Rostro recto vel subarquato, caude longissime forficata.  Arten:  T. colubris L., T. macrourus, bifurcus Swains.  O. M. à queue singulière. col. 182." (Boie 1831, Isis von Oken, col. 547); "Cynanthus Swainson, 1827, Zool. Journal, III, p. 357.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 23), Trochilus colubris Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Lesbia † Black-tailed Trainbearer L. victoriae) "187.  Cynanthus Sw. p. (Lesbia, Less. - Mellisuga, p. Boie, Gr.)  America m.  6.   1. TROCHILUS forficatus, L.   ...   2. Cynanthus bifurcatus, Sw.   ...   3. TROCHILUS mocoa, Bourcier.   ...   4. TROCHILUS gouldi, Loddiges 1832 nec Less.   ...   5. TROCHILUS gracilis, Gould   ...   6. TROCHILUS victoriae, Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1846" (Bonaparte 1850); "Cynanthus Bonaparte, 1850, Conspectus Generum Avium, I (1), p. 81.  Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, Classif. Synop. Trochilidae, p. 145), Trochilus amaryllis Bourcier, 1848 = Trochilus victoriae Bourcier and Mulsant, 1846." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Patagona † Giant Hummingbird P. gigas) "LES CYNANTHES.   Cynanthus, Swainson.  ...  ESPÈCE 1re.  OISEAU-MOUCHE PATAGON.  Ornismya tristis, N. Pl. III (mâle).  ...  Patrie: Le Chili.   Oiseau-mouche géant, trochilus gigas, Vieillot, Gal. du Muséum, pl. 180" (Lesson 1829) (eleven other 'espèces' are listed); "Cynanthus Lesson, 1829, Hist. Nat. Oiseaux-Mouches, p. xi.  Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, p. 67), Trochilus gigas Vieillot, 1824." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Sappho † Red-tailed Comet S. sparganurus) "2. Subgen. Cynanthus Swains.  200.  3. Tr. chrysurus Cuv. Gal. Mus. Par. et Regn. Anim. I. p. 436.  Tr. spargurus Shaw Gen. Zool. of Birds p. 291. 11.  Ornismya Sapho Less. Man. Ornith. II. p. 83.  Orthorhynchus chrysurus d'Orb. de Lafres. Syn. l. c. p. 26.3." (von Tschudi 1844); "Cynanthus von Tschudi, 1844, Archiv für Naturg., X, p. 296.  Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, Classif. Synop. Trochilidae, p. 153), T. sparganurus Shaw, 1812." (JAJ 2020).

Broad-billed Hummingbird (Doubleday's)
SCI Name: Cynanthus latirostris doubledayi
doubledayi
Henry Doubleday (1808-1875) English businessman, naturalist, entomologist, collector (Cynanthus).

Broad-billed Hummingbird (Tres Marias Is.)
SCI Name: Cynanthus latirostris lawrencei
lawrencei / lawrenceii / lawrenci
George Newbold Lawrence (1806-1895) US businessman, collector, ornithologist (syn. Amazilia viridigaster, subsp. Chaetura cinereiventris, Coeligena torquata x Lafresnaya lafresnayi, Cynanthus, subsp. Lathrotriccus euleri, subsp. Myiarchus tuberculifer, Spinus, syn. Xiphorhynchus sussurans nanus).