Bonin White-eye

SCI Name:  Apalopteron familiare
Protonym:  Ixos familiaris Mem.Acad.Imp.Sci.St.Petersb. 1 livr.3 p.235 pl.13
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Zosteropidae / Apalopteron
Taxonomy Code:  bonhon1
Type Locality:  'Boninsima'' ; restricted to Muko Shima, northern Bonin Islands, by Yamashina, 1930, Tori, 6, p. 330.
Author:  von Kittlitz
Publish Year:  1830
IUCN Status:  Near Threatened

DEFINITIONS

APALOPTERON
(Zosteropidae; Ϯ Bonin White-eye A. familiare) Gr. ἁπαλος hapalos  delicate; πτιλον ptilon  feather; "Alle Federn am Körper sind ungewöhnlich lang, von sehr weitläufigem Barte" (von Kittlitz 1831); "a. Brachypodeæ  ...  36. Apalopteron, Schiff.   ...   Il faut que M. Gray n'ait jamais vu sa prétendue Jora familiaris, ex Kittlitz, car, autrement, il n'aurait pu songer un moment à la placer dans ce genre, auquel elle ne ressemble nullement. C'est un Brachypodien voisin de Lœdorusa, dont le D^r Schiff a judicieusement confectionné son genre Apalopteron. Voici la phrase spécifique que j'ai prise sur l'exemplaire rapporté par M. Kittlitz, de Ravenzina:  Apalopteron familiare, Schiff., ex Kittlitz , Mem. Ac. Petersb., 1835, sp. 236, t.13." (Bonaparte 1854); "Apalopteron Bonaparte, 1854, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 38, pp. 54, 59. Type, by monotypy, ["Jora familiaris" Kittlitz =] Ixos familiaris Kittlitz." (Salomonsen in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 393).
Var. Hapalopteron.

familiare / familiaris
L. familiaris  familiar, friendly  < familia  family, household.
● Von Kittlitz 1831, remarked that the Bonin White-eye was the first bird that greeted visitors to those islands, where it was the equivalent of the House Sparrow (“Dieser schöne kleine Vogel ist der, welcher dem Besucher von Boninsima zumeist und gewöhnlich auch zuerst ins Auge fällt, in vieler Hinsicht der Repräsentant unsrer Sperlinge daselbst”) (Apalopteron).
● Linnaeus 1757, documented the Finnish custom of using tame Eurasian Treecreepers, and other birds, to destroy insects in houses (Tommy Tyrberg in litt.); "59. CERTHIA.  ...  familiaris.  1. C. supra grisea, subtus alba, remigibus fuscis: decem macula alba.  Certhia. Fn. svec. 213. Gesn. av. 251. Aldr. ornith. l. 12. c. 44. Bell. av. 98. a. Will. orn. 100. t. 23. Raj. av. 47. n. 5. Alb. av. 3. p. 24. t. 25. Frisch. av. 39. f. 1.  Habitat in Europæ arboribus reptans; ova 20. parit.  Remiges 4 - 14. macula transversa alba notatæ." (Linnaeus 1758) (Certhia).
● ex "Traquet Famillier" of Levaillant 1806, pl. 183, and "Familiar Warbler" of Latham 1822 (Oenanthe).

SUBSPECIES

Bonin White-eye (familiare)
SCI Name: Apalopteron familiare familiare
familiare / familiaris
L. familiaris  familiar, friendly  < familia  family, household.
● Von Kittlitz 1831, remarked that the Bonin White-eye was the first bird that greeted visitors to those islands, where it was the equivalent of the House Sparrow (“Dieser schöne kleine Vogel ist der, welcher dem Besucher von Boninsima zumeist und gewöhnlich auch zuerst ins Auge fällt, in vieler Hinsicht der Repräsentant unsrer Sperlinge daselbst”) (Apalopteron).
● Linnaeus 1757, documented the Finnish custom of using tame Eurasian Treecreepers, and other birds, to destroy insects in houses (Tommy Tyrberg in litt.); "59. CERTHIA.  ...  familiaris.  1. C. supra grisea, subtus alba, remigibus fuscis: decem macula alba.  Certhia. Fn. svec. 213. Gesn. av. 251. Aldr. ornith. l. 12. c. 44. Bell. av. 98. a. Will. orn. 100. t. 23. Raj. av. 47. n. 5. Alb. av. 3. p. 24. t. 25. Frisch. av. 39. f. 1.  Habitat in Europæ arboribus reptans; ova 20. parit.  Remiges 4 - 14. macula transversa alba notatæ." (Linnaeus 1758) (Certhia).
● ex "Traquet Famillier" of Levaillant 1806, pl. 183, and "Familiar Warbler" of Latham 1822 (Oenanthe).

Bonin White-eye (hahasima)
SCI Name: Apalopteron familiare hahasima
hahasima
Haha-sima, Baily Group, Bonin Is., Japan.