Blue-headed Vireo

SCI Name:  Vireo solitarius
Protonym:  Muscicapa solitaria Am.Orn. 2 p.143 pl.17 fig.6
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Vireonidae / Vireo
Taxonomy Code:  buhvir
Type Locality:  Bartram''s woods, near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Author:  Wilson, A
Publish Year:  1810
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

VIREO
(Vireonidae; Ϯ White-eyed Vireo V. griseus) L. vireo, vireonis  small green migratory bird, perhaps the female Golden Oriole Oriolus, but also identified with the Greenfinch Chloris (cf. vireo  I am green  < virere  to be green); "VIRÉONS.  CARACTÈRES.  Bec droit, garni de quelques poils divergens à ses angles, comprimé latéralement, entaillé sur les bords de sa partie supérieure, et crochu à sa pointe; mandibule inférieure rétrécie sur les côtés, vers le bout, un peu recourbée en haut à son extrémité, et arrondie en dessous; narines rondes et situées près du front; langue cartilagineuse et terminée par trois ou quatre filets courts et roides; la seconde penne de l'aile la plus longue de toutes; trois doigts devant, un derrière, l'intermédiaire soudé avec l'externe à son origine et totalement séparé de l'interne.   LE VIRÉON MUSICIEN, Vireo musicus.  ...  Muscicapa noveboracensis, LINN. GM.  Hanging Flycatcher, LATH.   LES trois espèces que j'ai réunies sous cette nouvelle dénomination générique, ont été placées mal à propos dans divers genres, puisqu'elles n'en ont point les caractères principaux.  ....  C'est de cette position du nid, ainsi que de la couleur dominante et de la taille de cet oiseau que les Américains ont tiré la longue dénomination Small Green Hanging Bird, petit oiseau à nid pendant, qu'ils lui ont imposée.  ...   LE VIRÉON VERDATRE, Vireo virescens.  ...  LE VIRÉON A FRONT JAUNE, Vireo flavifrons. " (Vieillot 1808); "Vireo Vieillot, 1808, Hist. Nat. Ois. Amér. Sept., 1 (1807), p. 83. Type, by subsequent designation (Gadow, 1883, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 8, p. 292), Vireo musicus Vieillot = Muscicapa noveboracensis Gmelin = Tanagra grisea Boddaert." (Blake in Peters 1968, XIV, 110-111).
Var. Vereo.
Synon. Chlorochroa, Laletes, Lanivireo, Lawrencia, Melodivireo, Neochloe, Phyllomanes, Solivireo, Vireonella, Vireosylva.

vireo
L. vireo, vireonis  small green bird (cf. vireo  I am green  < virere  to be green).

solitaria / solitaris / solitarius
L. solitarius  solitary  < solus, solius  alone.
● According to Fraser in P. Sclater 1859a, the Solitary Shrike Tyrant was called “el Solitario” by the Spanish settlers of Ecuador (Agriornis).
● ex “Coucou Solitaire” of Levaillant 1806, pl. 206 (Cuculus).
● ex “Green-headed Bunting” of Latham 1785 (syn. Emberiza hortulana).
● “Solitary Sparrow  ...  It is wont to sit alone on the tops of ancient Edifices and Roofs of Churches, singing most sweetly, especially in the Morning, whence it took its name” (Ray 1678); "95. TURDUS.  ...  solitarius.  14. T. cæruleus, remigibus rectricibusque nigris, abdomine lineolis cinereis undulato.  Passer solitarius. Willugb. orn. 191. Raj. av. 66. Edw. av. 18. t. 18. Olin. av. 14. Act. Ups. 1750. p. 21.  Habitat in Oriente.  Mas cæruleus; Femina cinerea, subtus lineolis albis & cinereis undulata." (Linnaeus 1758) (Monticola).
● (Statius Müller 1776) ex “Merle solitaire de Manille” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 564, fig. 2 (syn. Monticola solitarius philippensis).
● (J. Gmelin 1789) ex “Passera solitaria” of Olina 1622, “Solitary Sparrow” of Willughby 1676, “Passer solitarius” of Ray 1713, “Merula solitaria” of Brisson 1760, “Merle solitaire” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Solitary Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Monticola solitarius).
● ex “Suirirí chorreado todo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 196 (Myiodynastes).
● ex “Solitaire” of Leguat 1708, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Solitary Dodo” of Latham 1785: “not met with in flocks, scarcely more than two being found together” (‡Pezophaps).
● ex “Solitary Parrot” of Latham 1787 (Phigys).
● ex “Japú negro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 58 (Procacicus).
● ex “Oiseau Solitaire” of Carré 1669, and “Solitaire” of Dubois 1674 (this bird was formerly thought to be a species of dodo Raphus) (‡Threskiornis).
● ex “Ynambú Mocoicogoé” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 332 (Tinamus).
● "This new species inhabits the watery solitudes of our highest mountains during the summer, from Kentucky to New York" (A. Wilson 1813) (Tringa).

SUBSPECIES

Blue-headed Vireo (solitarius)
SCI Name: Vireo solitarius solitarius
solitaria / solitaris / solitarius
L. solitarius  solitary  < solus, solius  alone.
● According to Fraser in P. Sclater 1859a, the Solitary Shrike Tyrant was called “el Solitario” by the Spanish settlers of Ecuador (Agriornis).
● ex “Coucou Solitaire” of Levaillant 1806, pl. 206 (Cuculus).
● ex “Green-headed Bunting” of Latham 1785 (syn. Emberiza hortulana).
● “Solitary Sparrow  ...  It is wont to sit alone on the tops of ancient Edifices and Roofs of Churches, singing most sweetly, especially in the Morning, whence it took its name” (Ray 1678); "95. TURDUS.  ...  solitarius.  14. T. cæruleus, remigibus rectricibusque nigris, abdomine lineolis cinereis undulato.  Passer solitarius. Willugb. orn. 191. Raj. av. 66. Edw. av. 18. t. 18. Olin. av. 14. Act. Ups. 1750. p. 21.  Habitat in Oriente.  Mas cæruleus; Femina cinerea, subtus lineolis albis & cinereis undulata." (Linnaeus 1758) (Monticola).
● (Statius Müller 1776) ex “Merle solitaire de Manille” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 564, fig. 2 (syn. Monticola solitarius philippensis).
● (J. Gmelin 1789) ex “Passera solitaria” of Olina 1622, “Solitary Sparrow” of Willughby 1676, “Passer solitarius” of Ray 1713, “Merula solitaria” of Brisson 1760, “Merle solitaire” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Solitary Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Monticola solitarius).
● ex “Suirirí chorreado todo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 196 (Myiodynastes).
● ex “Solitaire” of Leguat 1708, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Solitary Dodo” of Latham 1785: “not met with in flocks, scarcely more than two being found together” (‡Pezophaps).
● ex “Solitary Parrot” of Latham 1787 (Phigys).
● ex “Japú negro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 58 (Procacicus).
● ex “Oiseau Solitaire” of Carré 1669, and “Solitaire” of Dubois 1674 (this bird was formerly thought to be a species of dodo Raphus) (‡Threskiornis).
● ex “Ynambú Mocoicogoé” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 332 (Tinamus).
● "This new species inhabits the watery solitudes of our highest mountains during the summer, from Kentucky to New York" (A. Wilson 1813) (Tringa).

Blue-headed Vireo (alticola)
SCI Name: Vireo solitarius alticola
alticola
L. altus  high (i.e. highland, mountain)  < alere  to nourish; -cola  dweller  < colere  to inhabit.
● Erroneous TL. Fife, N.E. Rhodesia, near Nyasaland border (= Isoka, Northern Rhodesia / Zambia); "Cisticola alticola  ...  Not a Cisticola (cf. steeply graduated tail of long narrow feathers; broad-based, fine-pointed first primary; lores coloured with head-top, &c.), but nearer Apalis and allies." (Lynes 1930) (Apalis).