Black-capped Chickadee

SCI Name:  Poecile atricapillus
Protonym:  Parus atricapillus Syst.Nat.ed.12 ed.12 p.341
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Paridae / Poecile
Taxonomy Code:  bkcchi
Type Locality:  Canada ; restricted to Quebec City, Quebec, by Oberholser, 1937, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 50, p. 219.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1766
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

POECILE
(Paridae; Ϯ Marsh Tit P. palustris) Gr. ποικιλος poikilos  colourful (cf. ποικιλις poikilis, ποικιλιδος poikilidos  unknown small bird, fancifully said to eat lark eggs, perhaps a type of finch); "4. Parus ater, palustris.   ...   4. Dohlenmeise. Poecile**). (Parus ater et palustris).   E[ntwickelung]. Wie bei Parus und Cyanistes.   Ch[arakter]. Kleine Meisen mit glattem schwarzem Kopfe, kurzem Schwanz und aschgraulichem Gefieder.   L[ebensart]. Hierin ähneln sie den übrigen Meisen.   ...   **) ποικιλος, bunt." (Kaup 1829); "POECILE Kaup, 1829  M — Parus palustris Linnaeus, 1758; type by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1842, Appendix to a list of the Genera of Birds, p. 8)." (Dickinson & Christidis (eds.) 2014, 428).
Var. Paecila, Poecila, Poecilia, Poekilis, Peocile.
Synon. Penthestes, Phaeopharus, Poeciloides.

atricapillus
L. atricapillus  black-haired  < ater  black; capillus  hair of the head.
● ex “Black-crowned Plover” of Pennant 1785 and Latham 1785 (syn. Charadrius vociferus).
● ex “Japacani” of Marcgrave 1648, and “Merle à teste noire du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Donacobius atricapilla).
● ex “Psittacus orientalis exquisitus” or “Loeri” of Seba 1734-1765, “Psittacus capite nigro, collari viridi” of Klein 1750, “Ara moluccensis varia” of Brisson 1760, and “Grande perruche à bandeau noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Lorius lory).
● ex “Chorlito cabeza y cuello obscuros” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 405 (syn. Nycticryphes semicollaris).
● ex “Manakin cendré de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 687, fig. 1, “Oiseau cendré de la Guyane” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-crowned Manakin” of Latham 1783 (syn. Pachyramphus rufus).
● ex “Caracterizado cañela y cabeza negra” (= ☼) of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 209 (syn. Platypsaris rufus).
● ex “Mésange à teste noire du Canada” of Brisson 1760 (Poecile).
● ex “Gobe-mouches à tête noire de la Chine” of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Pycnonotus aurigaster).

SUBSPECIES

Black-capped Chickadee (turneri)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus turneri
turneri
● Henry John Allen Turner (1876-1953) British pioneer settler in Kenya 1909-1953, warden and taxidermist (syn. Anthus leucophrys zenkeri, subsp. Colius leucocephalus, Eremomela).
● “Dédiée à M. Turner, naturaliste anglais” (Bourcier 1846) (syn. Leucippus chionogaster hypoleucus).
● Col. Horace Harrison Turner (1867-1930) British Army engineer, surveyor in India 1897-1915, and Mesopotamia 1915-1916 (Björn Bergenholtz in litt.) (syn. Lophura horsfieldii).
● Dr Joseph Turner (d. 1881) English businessman, landowner in Peru (per Beolens et al., 2014; Martin Schneider in litt.) (subsp. Merganetta leucogenis).
● Lucien McShann Turner (1847-1909) US meteorologist, field naturalist, explorer, collector in Peru 1868, Alaska 1874-1881 and Labrador 1883-1884, US Army Signal Service 1881-1886 (subsp. Poecile atricapillus).
● "it was H. W. Turner who discovered, and introduced me to, this bird" (Devas 1953, Bds. British Honduras, 40) (OD per Björn Bergenholtz) (?syn. Vireo pallens).

Black-capped Chickadee (occidentalis)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus occidentalis
occidentale / occidentalis
L. occidentalis  western  < occidens, occidentis  west  < occidere  to set. This toponym was frequently given to taxa discovered in locations west of previously known populations.
● Cocal, Western Andes, Colombia (Dysithamnus).
● Jamaica; ex “Onocrotalus” or “Pelecanus fuscus” of Sloane 1725, “Pelican of America” of Edwards 1747, and “Pelecanus” of Browne 1756 (Pelecanus).
● TL. Day Dawn, Western Australia; "Westralian Wedgebill" (Mathews 1912) (Psophodes).

Black-capped Chickadee (fortuitus)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus fortuitus
fortuitus
L. fortuitus casual, fortuitious < fors, forte luck, chance.
• "P. a. occidentalis Brewster, B. N. O. C. VII. 1882, 228 (Walla Walla).  J.  If this colony proves to be completely isolated, as claimed, the bird should, perhaps, be separately named, and I would suggest Penthestes atricapillus fortuitus." (Dawson 1909) (subsp. Poecile atricapillus).

Black-capped Chickadee (garrinus)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus garrinus
garrinus
Perhaps a toponym, from an as yet unidentified place or feature in Utah (cf. L. garrimus  we babble  < garrire  to chatter); "Many of these specimens were very old and he [Duvall 1945, Auk, 62, 49-69] attributed their brown color to "foxing."  They correspond, however, in their color characters to fresh examples from northeastern Utah.  Thus it appears that there is a differently characterized population in the Rocky Mountain area which is designated as  Parus atricapillus garrinus, new subspecies.   Rocky Mountain Black-capped Chickadee.   TYPE: Adult male; No. 10031, Univ. Utah Mus. Zool.; near Merkley Park, 5500 feet, Ashley Canyon, 10 miles north Vernal, Uintah County, Utah; September 4, 1949; collected by William H. Behle, No. 3427." (Behle, 1951, Auk, 68, p. 75) (subsp. Poecile atricapillus).

Black-capped Chickadee (nevadensis)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus nevadensis
nevadae / nevadensis
● Nevada, USA  < Spanish nevada  snow-covered (subsp. Agelaius phoeniceus, Artemisiospiza, subsp. Passerculus sandwichensis).
● Sierra Nevada, California, USA (syn. Lanius ludovicianus gambeli).

Black-capped Chickadee (bartletti)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus bartletti
bartletti / bartlettii
● Edward Bartlett (1844-1908) English zoologist, collector in Amazonia 1865-1869, Curator of Maidstone Mus. 1875-1890, Curator of Sarawak Mus. 1895-1897 (Amazilia, Crypturellus, subsp. Dendrocincla merula, syn. Momotus momota ignobilis).
● Abraham Dee Bartlett (1812-1897) English zoologist, taxidermist, Superintendent of the Zoological Society London 1859-1897 (syn. Cuculus poliocephalus, subsp. Gallicolumba crinigera, syn. Malimbus rubricollis, syn. Paradisaea x).
● Prof. Harley Harris Bartlett (1886-1960) US botanist, ethnographer, collector in Tibet, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (syn. Delichon nipalense, syn. Nyctyornis athertoni).
● Capt. Robert Abram Bartlett (1875-1946) Canadian mariner, sealer, Arctic explorer, collector, naturalist (subsp. Poecile atricapillus).

Black-capped Chickadee (atricapillus)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus atricapillus
atricapillus
L. atricapillus  black-haired  < ater  black; capillus  hair of the head.
● ex “Black-crowned Plover” of Pennant 1785 and Latham 1785 (syn. Charadrius vociferus).
● ex “Japacani” of Marcgrave 1648, and “Merle à teste noire du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Donacobius atricapilla).
● ex “Psittacus orientalis exquisitus” or “Loeri” of Seba 1734-1765, “Psittacus capite nigro, collari viridi” of Klein 1750, “Ara moluccensis varia” of Brisson 1760, and “Grande perruche à bandeau noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Lorius lory).
● ex “Chorlito cabeza y cuello obscuros” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 405 (syn. Nycticryphes semicollaris).
● ex “Manakin cendré de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 687, fig. 1, “Oiseau cendré de la Guyane” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-crowned Manakin” of Latham 1783 (syn. Pachyramphus rufus).
● ex “Caracterizado cañela y cabeza negra” (= ☼) of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 209 (syn. Platypsaris rufus).
● ex “Mésange à teste noire du Canada” of Brisson 1760 (Poecile).
● ex “Gobe-mouches à tête noire de la Chine” of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Pycnonotus aurigaster).

Black-capped Chickadee (practicus)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus practicus
practica / practicus
L. practicus  active  < Gr. πρακτικος praktikos  active, busy  < πρασσω prassō  to achieve.

Black-capped Chickadee (septentrionalis)
SCI Name: Poecile atricapillus septentrionalis
septentrionale / septentrionales / septentrionalis / septentrionalium
L. septemtrionalis  northern  < septemtrio  north.
● Erroneous TL "Northern parts of America" (= Tonga Tabu); ex “Northern Shrike” of Latham 1781 (syn. Clytorhynchus vitiensis).