Bee Hummingbird / Mellisuga helenae
Bee Hummingbird
SCI Name:
Protonym: Orthorhynchus helenae Av.IslaCuba p.70 pl.10 fig.2
Taxonomy: Caprimulgiformes / Trochilidae / Mellisuga
Taxonomy Code: beehum1
Type Locality: Cardenas, Cuba.
Author: Lembeye
Publish Year: 1850
IUCN Status: Near Threatened
DEFINITIONS
MELLISUGA
(Trochilidae; † Vervain Hummingbird M. minima) L. mel, mellis honey < Gr. μελι meli, μελιτος melitos honey; sugere to suck; "Mellisuga. Genus 45. ... Le genre de l'Oiseau-mouche. Genus Mellisugæ. ... Tous les Oiseaux de ce genre n'ont que dix plumes à la queue. Leur langue est composée de deux petits canaux, demi-cylindriques, appliqués l'un contre l'autre, qui forment une espece de siphon, qu'ils sont sortir en grande partie de leur bec, à la maniere des Pics; & par le moyen duquel ils sucent le miel des fleurs ... Les Brasiliens appellent l'Oiseau-mouche en général GUAINUMBI. Marcgr." (Brisson 1760); "Mellisuga Brisson, Orn., 1, 1760, p. 40; 3, 1760, p. 694. Type, by tautonymy, Mellisuga [mellisuga] = Trochilus minimus Linné." (Peters, 1945, V, p. 135). The Vervain Hummingbird of Jamaica and Hispaniola, and the Bee Hummingbird M. helenae of Cuba are the smallest birds in the world.
Synon. Colubris, Dyrinia, Ornismya.
• (Trochilidae; syn. Chlorostilbon † Blue-tailed Emerald C. mellisugus) "GENVS XXXII. MELLISVGA. Honigsaucher. ... 137. Mellisuga Mosquitus. L'oiseau-mouche à gorge torpaze [sic] du Bresil. Rothschwanz. ... Linn. S. N. 12. 192. 14. Trochilus Mosquitus. 138. Mellisuga Cayanensis. L'oiseau-mouche de Cayenne. ... Linn. S. N. 12. 192. 15. Trochilus mellisugus" (Schaeffer 1789).
• (Nectariniidae; syn. Cinnyris † Long-billed Green Sunbird C. notatus) "160. SOUI-MANGA, Mellisuga. Certhia, Linn. Gm. Lath. Bec arqué, quelquefois droit, grêle, plus court, ou plus long que la tête, un peu trigone, très-aigu, entier, ou finement dentelé sur les bords. - Langue divisée en trois filets, du milieu à la pointe. - Ailes à penne batarde. 2 sections. Esp. Soui-manga angala-dian, Buff. - à bec droit, Vieill. Oiseaux dorés." (Vieillot 1816).
• (Thraupidae; ?syn Dacnis) L. mel, mellis honey; sugere to suck; "1. Sous-famille. RAPHIORAMPHIA. Les Raphioramphes. Bec droit. G. 1. Parus L. 2. Igithalus R. 3. Alauda L. 4. Psoridus R. Sylvia Lath. 6. Motacilla L. 7. Oitrüs R. 8. Otimus R. 9. Cripolus R. 10. Sittella R. Sitta L. 11. Baristus R. 12. Talapius R. 13. Polytmus Bris. 14. Mellisuga R." (Rafinesque 1815).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Ensifera † Sword-billed Hummingbird E. ensifera) "MELLISUGA Briss. ... 1. M. ensifera (Boiss.) Rev. Zool. 1839. p. 354, Mag. de Zool. 1840. Ois. t. 15. —Trochilus Derbyanus Fras." (G. Gray 1848) (Gray's genus includes another one hundred forms); "Mellisuga G. Gray, 1848, Genera of Birds, p. 111. Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, Classif. Synop. Trochilidae, p. 68), Ornismya ensifera Boissonneau." (JAJ 2020).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Thalurania † Fork-tailed Woodnymph T. furcata) "Mellisuga Briss. ... Arten 1. Troch. furcatus Gm. 2. —— polytmus Linn. 3. —— forficatus Linn. 4. —— macrourus Gm. 5 —— pileatus Pr. Max. 6 —— ourissia. Gm. 7 —— glaucopis. Gm." (Boie 1831); "Mellisuga Boie, 1831, Isis von Oken, col. 545. Type, by subsequent designation (Elliot, 1879, Smithsonian Contrib. Knowledge, 317, Classif. Synop. Trochilidae, p. 98), Trochilus furcatus Gmelin." (JAJ 2020) (but see next sub-entry).
• (Trochilidae; syn. Trochilus † Red-billed Streamertail T. polytmus) "Mellisuga Briss. ... Arten 1. Troch. furcatus Gm. 2. —— polytmus Linn. 3. —— forficatus Linn. 4. —— macrourus Gm. 5 —— pileatus Pr. Max. 6 —— ourissia. Gm. 7 —— glaucopis. Gm." (Boie 1831); "Mellisuga Boie, 1831, Isis von Oken, col. 545. Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 14), Trochilus polytmus Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2020).
helenae
• Renée Marie Jeanne Hélène Lavauden (1912-1989) daughter of French naturalist and forester Louis Lavauden (subsp. Galerida cristata).
• Helen McMahon Cutting (1894-1961) wife of US explorer C. Suydam Cutting (subsp. Harpactes erythrocephalus).
• Gr. myth. Helen of Troy, “the face that launched a thousand ships, and burnt the topless towers of Ilium,” wife to Menelaüs and the most beautiful woman of her age (Hypothymis).
• Helen or Ellen Kelsall née Owens (1873-1930) wife of Colonel H. J. Kelsall, collector in tropical Africa 1910-1913 (subsp. Laniarius barbarus).
• Helen Luise Elisabeth Herzogin zu Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princesse d’Orléans (1814-1858) wife of patron of natural history Ferdinand Philippe Duc d’Orléans (Lophornis).
• Elena de Faz Booth y Tinto (d. 1850) wife of Cuban plantation owner Carlos Booth y Tinto, who befriended Gundlach (Mellisuga).
• Helen Mackenzie McConnell née Alexander (1871-1954) wife of English collector F. V. McConnell (subsp. Neopipo cinnamomea).
• Helena Forde née Scott (1832-1910) Australian entomologist, oologist and artist (subsp. Parotia lawesii).
• Helena Mary Ann Oates née Blythe (1865-1903) wife of English naturalist Eugene W. Oates (Björn Bergenholtz in litt.) (syn. Polyplectron bicalcaratum).
• Helen Livingston Greenway née Scott (1903-1985) first wife of US ornithologist James C. Greenway, Jr. (Paul Scofield in litt.) (subsp. Stachyris strialata).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)