Azara's Spinetail

SCI Name:  Synallaxis azarae
Protonym:  Synallaxis Azarae Voy.Am.merid. livr.36 p.246
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Furnariidae / Synallaxis
Taxonomy Code:  azaspi1
Type Locality:  Bolivia; = Carcuata, Yungas, fide Hellmayr, 1925, p. 77, note a
Author:  d'Orbigny
Publish Year:  1835
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

SYNALLAXIS
(Furnariidae; Ϯ Rufous-capped Spinetail S. ruficapilla)  Gr. συναλλαξις sunallaxis, συναλλαξεως sunallaxeōs  exchange; perhaps given because Vieillot thought the two species may represent the two sexes of a single species, or an allusion to their characters warranting generic separation.  Reichenbach 1853, complained that Synallaxis, of feminine gender, contained the Latin masculine noun axis  axle, and wondered what scientists were to make of it!; "SYNALLAXE, Synallaxis.   Bec grêle, entier, pointu; mandibule supérieure un peu arquée, l'inférieure droit; narines couvertes de plumes à leur base; ailes courtes, arrondies." (Vieillot 1818); "SYNALLAXE, Synallaxis. Genre de l'ordre des Oiseaux SYLVAINS et de la famille des GRIMPEREAUX   ...   La SYNALLAXE A QUEUE ROUSSE, Synallaxis ruficauda, Vieill., a été apportée du Brésil.   ...   La SYNALLAXE A TÊTE ROUSSE, Synallaxis ruficapilla, Vieill., se trouve au Brésil.   ...   Les différences qu'on remarque entre cet oiseau et le précédent, ne caractérisent-elles pas les sexes?" (Vieillot 1819); "Synallaxis Vieillot, Nouv. Sict. Hist. Nat., 24, 1818, p. 117. Generic characters only; species added op. cit., 32, 1819, p. 310. Type, by subsequent designation, Synallaxis ruficapilla Vieillot (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 17)." (Peters 1951, VII, 80). 
Var. Synnalaxis, Synnallaxis, Synalaxis.   
Synon. Anabates, Barnesia, Gyalophylax, Parulus, Poecilurus, Siptornopsis.

azara / azarae / azarai / azarii
Brig.-Gen. Félix Manuel de Azara (1746-1821) Spanish Army, engineer, cartographer, boundary commissioner commanding the Paraguay-Brazil frontier 1781-1801, naturalist (syn. Alectrurus tricolor, syn. Anas flavirostris (ex “Pato pico amarillo y negro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 439), syn. Ara glaucogularis, subsp. Basileuterus auricapilla, syn. Buteogallus coronatus, syn. Heliomaster furcifer (ex "Picaflor blanco debaxo" of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 297) (Laurent Raty in litt.), syn. Heteroxolmis dominicana, syn. Hydropsalis torquata furcifer, syn. Larus dominicanus (ex "La Mayor" of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 409), syn. Milvago chimango, syn. Nyctibius aethereus, syn. Ochthodromus collaris, syn. Phimosus infuscatus, syn. Picumnus cirratus (ex "Carpintero enano" of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 260), syn. Piranga flava (ex "Habia amarilla" and "Habia punzo" of de Azara 1802-1805, nos. 87-88), Pteroglossus (ex “Aracari Azara” of Levaillant 1807), subsp. Saltator coerulescens, syn. Scaphidura oryzivora (ex “Tordo Grande” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 60), Synallaxis, syn. Tachuris rubrigastra, syn. Tityra inquisitor).

SUBSPECIES

Azara's Spinetail (elegantior)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae elegantior
elegantior
L. elegantior, elegantioris  more fine, neater  < comp. elegans, elegantis  choice, fine  < elegere probably an early form of eligere  to select.

Azara's Spinetail (media)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae media
media
L. medius  intermediate, middle.
● "Scolopax media, Frisch. t. 228.  Great Snipe, Br. Zool. ii. Nº 188. - Arct. Zool. p. 470. B.  Lev. Mus.   SIZE between the Woodcock and Snipe" (Latham 1785); "Great Snipe. . . .[SCOLOPAX] Media" (Latham 1787) (Gallinago).

Azara's Spinetail (ochracea)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae ochracea
ochracea
Mod. L. ochraceus ochraceous, ochreous < L. ochra ochre < Gr. ωχρα ōkhra yellow-ochre.

Azara's Spinetail (fruticicola)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae fruticicola
fruticicola / fruticola
L. frutex, fruticis bush, shrub; -cola inhabitant < colere to dwell.

Azara's Spinetail (infumata)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae infumata
infumata / infumatus
L. infumatus smoked < infumare to dry in smoke.

Azara's Spinetail (urubambae)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae urubambae
urubambae / urubambensis
Río Urubamba, Peru.

Azara's Spinetail (azarae)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae azarae
azara / azarae / azarai / azarii
Brig.-Gen. Félix Manuel de Azara (1746-1821) Spanish Army, engineer, cartographer, boundary commissioner commanding the Paraguay-Brazil frontier 1781-1801, naturalist (syn. Alectrurus tricolor, syn. Anas flavirostris (ex “Pato pico amarillo y negro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 439), syn. Ara glaucogularis, subsp. Basileuterus auricapilla, syn. Buteogallus coronatus, syn. Heliomaster furcifer (ex "Picaflor blanco debaxo" of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 297) (Laurent Raty in litt.), syn. Heteroxolmis dominicana, syn. Hydropsalis torquata furcifer, syn. Larus dominicanus (ex "La Mayor" of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 409), syn. Milvago chimango, syn. Nyctibius aethereus, syn. Ochthodromus collaris, syn. Phimosus infuscatus, syn. Picumnus cirratus (ex "Carpintero enano" of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 260), syn. Piranga flava (ex "Habia amarilla" and "Habia punzo" of de Azara 1802-1805, nos. 87-88), Pteroglossus (ex “Aracari Azara” of Levaillant 1807), subsp. Saltator coerulescens, syn. Scaphidura oryzivora (ex “Tordo Grande” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 60), Synallaxis, syn. Tachuris rubrigastra, syn. Tityra inquisitor).

Azara's Spinetail (samaipatae)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae samaipatae
samaipatae
Samaipata, Santa Cruz, Bolivia.

Azara's Spinetail (superciliosa)
SCI Name: Synallaxis azarae superciliosa
superciliosa / superciliosum / superciliosus
L. superciliosus  supercilious, haughty, eye-browed  < supercilium  eyebrow.
● ex “Supercilious Duck” of Latham 1785 (Anas).
● ex “Little Green and Orange-coloured Kingfisher” of Edwards 1758 (syn. Chloroceryle aenea).
● ex “Gorge-jaune de Saint-Domingue” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 686, fig. 1 (syn. Dendroica dominica).
● ex “Rousseau” of Levaillant 1800, pl. 66 (Lanius).
● ex “Apiaster madagascariensis” or “Guespier de Madagascar” of Brisson 1760 (Merops).
● ex “Yellow-browed Warbler” of Latham 1783 (syn. Phylloscopus humei).
● ex “Supercilious Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (unident.).